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APUSH Periods 8 & 9
Periods 8 and 9 A.P. US History Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| GI Bill | Funded education and housing for veterans, boosting economy. |
| Interstate Highway | Improved transport, expanded commerce, promoted suburban growth. |
| Baby Boom | Population surge increased demand for goods and services. |
| Growth of Suburbs | Stimulated housing, auto sales, shifted economic activity. |
| Interstate Highway System | Facilitated commuting, encouraged suburban living away from cities. |
| Cultural Homogeneity | Suburbs reflected uniform lifestyles, discouraging individualism. |
| Beatniks | Counterculture rejecting materialism and traditional societal norms. |
| Racism in Suburbs | Exclusion of minorities reinforced racial segregation and inequality. |
| Baby Boom Impact | Youth population influenced culture, politics, and social movements. |
| Cold War | Tension between U.S. and USSR from 1947 to 1991. |
| Space Race | Competition for space exploration dominance between U.S. and USSR. |
| Nuclear Arms Race | Massive nuclear arsenals created threat of mutual destruction. |
| Military-Industrial Complex | Alliance influencing national policy and defense spending. |
| Containment | Strategy to prevent communism spread through foreign policy. |
| Truman Doctrine | Policy to support nations resisting communism post-WWII. |
| Marshall Plan | U.S. aid to rebuild European economies after WWII. |
| Korean War | Conflict to contain communism in Korea, 1950-1953. |
| Vietnam War | Conflict aimed at preventing communism in Vietnam. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Authorized military force in Vietnam without formal declaration. |
| Antiwar Advocacy | Critics argued Vietnam War was unconstitutional due to resolution. |
| Proxy Wars | Conflicts supported by U.S. and USSR during Cold War. |
| War Powers Act | Limits presidential military action without Congress approval. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Granted president broad military powers in Vietnam. |
| Korean War | U.S. intervention under UN authority against North Korea. |
| Vietnam War | Prolonged conflict aimed at stopping communism in Vietnam. |
| Stalemate | Korean War ended without a decisive victory. |
| Withdrawal | Vietnam War concluded with U.S. troop exit and defeat. |
| Truman's Loyalty Program | Aimed to eliminate communist sympathizers during Red Scare. |
| Civil Liberties Violations | Controversial loyalty oaths and baseless accusations used. |
| 1950s Conformity | Promoted unity to suppress dissent and communism. |
| Eisenhower's Action | Sent troops to enforce desegregation in Little Rock. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Supreme Court ruling against school segregation. |
| Reconstruction Era | Period when federal troops enforced civil rights laws. |
| Black Panthers | Militant group advocating for Black self-defense and rights. |
| Black Power Movement | Emphasized racial pride and self-determination in 1960s. |
| Decline of White Support | Fear of militancy reduced white approval for civil rights. |
| Feminist Movement | Sought workplace equality and reproductive rights for women. |
| American Indian Movement | Advocated for sovereignty and treaty rights for Native Americans. |
| Latino Movement | Focused on labor rights and immigration reform. |
| Asian American Movement | Aimed to end discrimination and increase representation. |
| Gay Liberation | Fought for LGBTQ+ rights and social acceptance. |
| Working Women of WWII | Different roles compared to traditional 1950s homemakers. |
| WWII women's roles | Women worked in factories and defense industries. |
| 1950s domestic expectations | Women expected to return to traditional roles. |
| Second wave feminism | Movement addressing women's rights in 1960s-1970s. |
| Equal pay demand | Women sought equal compensation for work. |
| Access to education | Women demanded equal educational opportunities. |
| Reproductive rights | Women sought control over their reproductive choices. |
| Workplace discrimination protection | Demand for laws against workplace bias. |
| Phyllis Schlafly | Conservative activist opposing the Equal Rights Amendment. |
| ERA opposition reasons | Claimed ERA harmed traditional family roles. |
| Modern conservative movement | Backlash against liberal reforms promoting traditional values. |
| Great Society | Johnson's agenda to eliminate poverty and injustice. |
| Medicare and Medicaid | Programs under Great Society for health coverage. |
| Liberalism vs. conservatism | Liberals support intervention; conservatives favor individual freedom. |
| Reagan's 1980 election victory | Won due to economic discontent and crisis. |
| Counterculture movement | Baby boomers protested discrimination and authority. |
| Reaganomics | Economic policies of tax cuts and deregulation. |
| Market solutions | Reagan favored free markets for prosperity. |
| FDR vs. Reagan | FDR expanded government; Reagan reduced its role. |
| Opposition to Reagan's policies | Labor unions and liberals feared negative impacts. |
| Service sector shift | Businesses moved to finance, technology, and healthcare. |
| USA PATRIOT Act | Expanded surveillance powers post-9/11. |
| Civil liberties concerns | Critics argued it infringed on individual rights. |
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