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Civil Rights 2025
Civil Rights Terms from 2025
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rosa Parks | An American activist in the Civil Rights Movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. |
| Thurgood Marshall | An American lawyer and civil rights activist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; he was the Court's first African-American justice. |
| Martin Luther King Jr. | An American Baptist minister and activist who was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement; he advocated for nonviolent civil disobedience. |
| Little Rock Nine | A group of nine African American students who enrolled at Little Rock Central High School in 1957; their enrollment was a test of the Brown v. Board of Education ruling. |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | A civil rights protest during which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | A landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. |
| Cooper v. Aaron | A 1958 Supreme Court case that reaffirmed the Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education and declared that states could not nullify federal court orders. |
| Jim Crow Laws | State and local laws enacted in the Southern United States to enforce racial segregation. |
| Segregation | The enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment. |
| Emmett Till | An African-American teenager who was kidnapped, beaten, and lynched in Mississippi in 1955 after being falsely accused of offending a white woman in a grocery store. |
| The March on Washington | A large political rally that took place in Washington, D.C. in 1963; it advocated for the civil and economic rights of African Americans. |
| I Have a Dream Speech | The name given to the iconic speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. at the March on Washington in 1963. |
| Birmingham Children's Crusade | A series of marches and demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963, organized by young people to protest segregation. |
| Bloody Sunday | The name given to the events of March 7, 1965, when peaceful civil rights marchers were attacked by police officers in Selma, Alabama. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | A landmark civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | A landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. |
| Women's Rights Movement | A social movement that advocates for equal rights and opportunities for women. |
| Cesar Chavez | An American labor leader and civil rights activist who co-founded the United Farm Workers (UFW). |