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Span.-Amer. War
IB Exam prep for the Spanish-American War of 1898
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Q: What condition was Spain’s empire in by the late 19th century? | It was in rapid decline, with most of its former colonies lost and only Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines remaining. |
| Q: What were the conditions in Spain’s remaining colonies before the war? | There was growing unrest and independence movements in all of them. |
| Q: What challenges was Spain facing domestically? | A struggling economy and an outdated military. |
| Q: What had the United States completed by the 1890s? | Its continental expansion—Manifest Destiny from Atlantic to Pacific. |
| Q: What motivated the new wave of American imperialism? | Economic needs, military interests, racial ideologies, and national pride. |
| Q: Who led this era of American expansion? | President William McKinley. |
| Q: What was the Cuban Independence Movement? | Cuban rebels had been fighting Spain since 1895; Americans sympathized due to shared ideals and economic interests. |
| Q: What role did Yellow Journalism play? | Sensationalized stories stirred public outrage against Spain, especially through Hearst and Pulitzer's newspapers. |
| Q: Who were the two major figures in Yellow Journalism? | William Randolph Hearst (New York Journal) and Joseph Pulitzer (New York World). |
| Q: What was the De Lôme Letter? | A private letter by Spanish Ambassador Enrique Dupuy de Lôme criticizing McKinley as weak; it fueled American anger. |
| Q: What happened to the USS Maine? | It exploded in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, killing 266 Americans; blamed on Spain though cause remains unclear. |
| Q: What slogan emerged after the USS Maine incident? | “Remember the Maine, to hell with Spain!” |
| Q: What were America’s economic and strategic interests in Cuba? | Over $50 million in sugar investments and strategic interest in Caribbean and Pacific influence. |
| Q: Who was Alfred Thayer Mahan and why was he influential? | A naval strategist who advocated for sea power and overseas expansion to make the U.S. a world power. |
| Q: What did Spain’s defeat in the war signify globally? | The end of Spain’s colonial empire and the rise of the U.S. as a Western Hemisphere power. |
| Q: What psychological effect did the war have on Spain? | Known as the "Disaster of '98" (El Desastre del 98); a national trauma. |
| Q: What colonies did Spain lose after the war? | Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. |
| Q: What internal changes occurred in Spain after the war? | Calls for reform, abandonment of imperialism, and a focus on modernization and economic recovery. |
| Q: What did the war do for America’s global status? | It marked the U.S.’s transformation into a global superpower. |
| Q: What territories did the U.S. gain after the war? | Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. |
| Q: What happened to Cuba after the war? | Cuba gained independence but remained heavily influenced by the U.S., especially through the Platt Amendment. |
| Q: What was the Platt Amendment? | A U.S.-Cuba treaty (1903) giving the U.S. rights to intervene, lease naval bases, and control Cuba’s foreign policy. |
| Q: How did the war impact the U.S. Navy? | It highlighted the value of a modern navy, leading to large naval investments and the creation of the “Great White Fleet.” |
| Q: How did the war influence Theodore Roosevelt’s career? | His leadership during the war made him a national hero and helped launch his presidency in 1901. |
Created by:
oliverjones
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