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Chapter 26 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| United Nations (UN) | an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development. |
| satellite nation | a country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation. |
| containment | the blocking of another nation’s attempts to spread its influence—especially the efforts of the United States to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s. |
| Iron curtain | a phrase used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe. |
| Cold War | the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War Il. |
| Truman Doctrine | a U.S. policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents. |
| Marshall plan | the program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the United States supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after World War Il. |
| Berlin airlift | a 327-day operation in which U.S. and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948. |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the United States, and Canada. |
| Korean War | a conflict between North Korea and South Korea, lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the United States, along with other UN countries, fought on the side of the South Koreans and China fought on the side of the North ’ Koreans. |
| House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) | a congressional committee that investigated Communist influence inside and outside the U.S. government in the years following World War Il. |
| Hollywood Ten | ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC’s investigation of Communist influence in Hollywood. |
| blacklist | a list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films because of their alleged Communist connections. |
| McCarthyism | the attacks, often unsubstan- tiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people sus- pected of being Communists in the early 1950s. |
| H-bomb | the hydrogen bomb—a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb. |
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Ryjohnson
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