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Ch 7 vocab 9/3/10
test taken
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Jim Crow laws | segregation laws enacted in the South after Reconstruction |
| poll tax | sum of money to be paid before a person could vote |
| literacy test | reading and writing tests formerly used in some southern states to prevent African Americans from voting |
| grandfather clause | law to disqualify African American voters by allowing to vote only men whose father and grandfathers voted before 1867 |
| Booker T. Washington | famous black leader during the 19th century |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | a native of Massachusetts who criticized Washington's willingness to accommodate southern whites |
| Ida B. Wells | African American woman who fought for justice |
| Las Gorras Blancas | a group of Mexican Americans living in New Mexico who attempted to protect their land and way of life from encroachment by white landowners |
| spoils system | practice of the political party in power giving jobs and appointments to its supporters, rather than to people based on their qualifications |
| civil service | a system that includes federal jobs in the executive branch |
| Pendleton Civil Service Act | law that created a civil system for the federal government in an attempt to hire employees on a merit system rather than on a spoils system |
| gold standard | policy of designing monetary units in terms of their value in gold |
| Oliver H. Kelly | organized in 1867 the organization known as the Grange |
| Grange | farmers' organization formed after the civil war |
| Populist Party | people's party; political party formed in 1891 to advocate a larger money supply and other economic reforms |
| William Jennings Bryan | Democratic nominee for president; put Populist on a different plane |
| William McKinley | Republican candidate earned 30 times more money than Bryan, others campaigned for him |