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sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 3 qualities of the Sociological perspective | Scientific method, skeptical, diversity |
| 2 3 characteristics of a theory | based on research, identify underlying causes of social behavior, testable |
| 3 The ultimate aim of a theory | make accurate predictions about peoples behavior |
| to apply group level findings to particular individuals who belong to that group | |
| 5 Debunking Def. | to look beyond the obvious or surface-level explanation |
| 6 Define social marginality | those people who are not members of the more powerful groups in society |
| 7 What characteristics of people that make them "Diverse"? | race, class, gender, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation |
| 8 Why were thinkers on social issues like Plato not Sociologists? | their work not based on social research, studied "ideal society" not life as it really is |
| 9 When did Sociology as we know it start | around 1850 |
| 10 What were the first issues the early Sociologists studied? | Industrial revolution & the migration of rural peoples to urban centers for factory jobs the resulting social problems of overcrowded industrial slums, poverty, crime |
| 11 What is Sociologist Emile Durkheim best known for | studies on suicide, deviance, concept of "anomie" |
| 12 What is Sociologist Karl Marx best known for | the study of the oppression of workers by capitalist factory owners, 1st conflict theorist |
| 13 What is Sociologist Max Weber best known for | study of the bureaucracy |
| 14 What ides is W. E. B. Du Bois best known for | African Americans maintain two identies at the same time as black and American |
| 15 What is "anomie"? | the decline in the strength of rules that guide people in how to behave in society |
| 16 4 Sociological theories | functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interaction, feminist perspective |
| 17 What are the two macro sociological theories | functionalism & conflict theory |
| 18 What are the two micro sociological theories | symbolic interaction & the feminist perspective |
| 19 Functionalism def? | a theory that treats all social groups as a system whose parts are interdependent |
| 20 Functionalist analogy | the "organic" analogy - social groups being like organs in a body |
| 21 Classic functionalism assumes what about social systems? | they remain unchanged as long as all their parts are functioning properly |
| 22 classic functionalist description of unchanging social systems | they are in equlibrium or balance |
| 23 * what can outside forces to to social systems (functionalism) | they can disrupt elements of the system and cause dysfunctions |
| 24 * what is it that functionalists think social systems resist? | change |
| 25 what is it that functionalists think about social values? | in a functioning social system people share values on what is good and desirable this helps hold society together |
| 26 2 criticisms of functionalism | overemphasizes the harmony and stability in society, ignores the benefits of conflict |
| 27 Conflict theory def? | society is where groups struggle to obtain scarce and valued resources |
| 28 What resources are people/groups struggling for? | property, prestige, and power |
| 29 Conflict criticism that certain social arrangements are functional | for whom are they functional? |
| 30 Define "Zero Sum Game" | a game where what ever one party wins, the other party loses |
| 31 Conflict theorists criticism of "social stability is normal" | "it is change that is normal" |
| 32 Conflice theorists say when a social system is stable what .. | one group has enough power to force it's preferences on everyone else |
| 33 * On what issues is conflict theory most relevant? | terrorism, child abuse, sexism, revolution |
| 34 What is it that conflict theory tends to ignore? | areas of social life where people really do arrive at uncoerced consensus on values |
| 35 Restruggle, what is it that conflict theory does not emphasiz | much struggle is institutional, ie. Elections, collective bargaining |
| 36 What does Symbolic Interactionism study | how people behave in face to face settings |
| 37 How does Symbolic Interactionism see society | as people interacting |
| 38 What do Symbolic Interactionists say about reality? | much of reality is socially constructed |
| Symbolic Interactionists focus re: social phenomena | the meanings people apply to social phenomena |
| 40 When it comes to reality, what to Symbolic Interactionists look at | how individuals subjectively interpret reality |
| 41 Conflict theorists criticism of Symbolic Interactionists | they don't see how difficult it is to change long-established social arrangements |
| 42 Feminist perspective on sociology | sociologists assume research on males can explain behavior for all people |
| 43 What do Feminist Sociologists take pains to do in research | make gender, race, and class explicit in their research |
| 44 Feminist Perspective say about structured social inequality | ideologies accepted by both the privileged and oppressed support social inequality |
| 45 Feminist Perspective sees society as a structure of what? | Domination |
| 46 Applied Sociology Def? | Sociologists should put their knowledge and skills to work to benefit the real world |
| 47 Pure Sociology Def? | it is other disciplines job to use sociological data to improve social life |
Created by:
mahak
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