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Public Health
Public Health, sewage treatment, exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sewage treatment removal of diseases like | typhoid, cholera, shigellosis |
| sewage | 99.9% water, 0.1% solid/dissolved waste |
| waste includes | human feces, detergents, grease, garbage disposal waste, industrial waste |
| industrial waste | acids, chemical waste, organic matter from food processing plants |
| 3 steps in sewage treatment | primary, secondary, tertiary |
| primay sewage treatment | removal of as much solid waste as possible; filters, skimmers, chemical glocculating agents-aluminum sulfate |
| secondary sewage treatment | biological degradation using microbes; oxygenation maintained to facilitate breakdown - aerobic process |
| microbes used in sewage treatment | sphaerotilus, beggiatoa |
| Anaerobic process uses organisms like | methanococcus, peptococcus in sludge digesters, methane is produced as a by product |
| methane | used for cooking, heating undigested material is removed and used as a soil conditioner |
| aerobic process of sewage treatment | biological degradation using microbes (sphaerotilus, beggiatoa |
| from secondary sewage treatment | effluent is chlorinated & released into rivers |
| tertiary treatment | costly, involves chemical & physical methods |
| tertiary treatment | recycling of water, sand and charcoal filters used |
| tertiary treatment | flocculating chemicals used, denitrifying bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen |
| tertiary treatment | chlorine used to kill microbes |
| tertiary treatment | uv light used to replace chlorination in US |
| tertiary treatment | in Europe ozone being used in place of chlorine |
| septic tank system | @ 50 million US families use |
| septic tank system | can't flush poisons or grease out b/c kill beneficial microbes in soil |
| septic tank system | drain fields become rich soils for kitchen garden |
| drains | need to be replaced @ 10-12 years |
| well water must be | @ least 50 ft. from septic tank |
| clivus multrum | European system |
| clivus multrum | composting toilet system, handles only urine |
| clivus multrum | human waste goies thru series of chambers as decomposes & after 2-4 years arrive at final chamber as rich humus - applied to garden soil |
| clivus multrum | water from kitchen, laundry, bathroom handled separately for gardening |
Created by:
JYarger
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