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APUSH Chapter 26
Term | Definition |
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mechanization of agriculture | Development of engine-driven machines, like the combine, which helped to dramatically increase the productivity of land in the 1870s and 1880s. Contributed to the consolidation of agricultural business that drove many family farms out of existence. |
Populists | The People’s party, the Populists represented Westerners and Southerners who believed that U.S. economic policy inappropriately favored Eastern businessmen instead of the nation’s farmers. - suggested social reform |
Homestead strike | A strike at a Carnegie steel plant; ended in an armed battle between the strikers & Gov force. The strike was part of a nationwide wave of labor unrest in the summer of 1892 that helped the Populists gain some support from industrial workers. |
grandfather clause | established in many southern states in the 1890s that exempted from voting requirements (such as literacy tests and poll taxes) anyone who could prove that his ancestors (“grandfathers”) had been able to vote in 1860. Non-applicable for Blacks |
Pullman strike | A strike by railroad workers upset by drastic wage cuts. The strike was led by socialist Eugene Debs but not supported by the American Federation of Labor. Eventually President Grover Cleveland intervened, and federal troops forced an end to the strike. |
fourth party system | describes national politics from 1896 to 1932, when Republicans had a tight grip on the White House and issues such as industrial regulation and labor concerns became paramount, replacing older concerns such as civil-service reform and monetary policy |
Gold Standard Act | act that guaranteed that paper currency would be redeemed freely in gold, putting an end to the already dying “free-silver” campaign. |