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Chapter 1: Politics

American Political Culture

QuestionAnswer
liberty personal freedom/gov't pwers limited by law
equality all individuals have right to participate in pol. life
democracy placing pol. pwer in hands of ordinary people
1933 pwers of govt expanded to meet crisis of 29'/ stock market crash
1960s three-quarters of people trusted govt
1994 trust dropped to 1/4 americans
who expresses more trust in americans? african americans and latinos
when does trust in govnt increase? after crisis
political efficacy belief that citizens can affect what govnt does, that they can take action to make govnt listen
how to gain political efficacy? political knowledge
greek citizenship membership in one's community, american govnt derived from greek ideals
citizenship enlightened political engagement
true citizen knowledge to participate in political debate (greek ideal)
government used to describe the formal institutions through which a land/ its people are ruled
autocracy governed by single person-king/dictator
oligarchy governed by small group (land owners, military officers, wealthy merchants)
democracy governed by many people and have influence over decision making
substantive limits what govt permitted to control
procedural limits how to control
constitional govnts govnts limited by substantive and procedural limits (liberal govnts/US
authoritarian govnts law imposes few real limits, but kept in check by other political/social institutions must come to terms w/ organized rel/bus (europe/asia/S.A)
totalitarian attempt to dominate or control every sphere of political, social, and economic life (Nazi Germany)
beginning of 17th century, what 2 changes occured? 1. govnt acknowledged formal limits on pwer 2. govnts provide ordinary ppl w/ formal voice in public affairs- through voting
bourgeosis french word= "freeman of the city," generally did not favor democracies, advocates of electoral/ representative institutions. favored property requirements/ other restrictions
what is the bourgeosis? middle class (commerce/industry) sought to change existing institutions-esp. Parliament. advanced many principles that became central ideas of individual liberty
John Locke & John Stuart shape ideas about liberty and political rights
politics conflict over the leadership, structure, and policies of govnts
goal of politics have a share/ say in the composition of the govnt's leadership
power influence over a gov't leadership, oranization/policies
representative democracy/Republic a system of govt in which the populace selects reps. who play a significant role in governmental decision making (US)
direct democracy a system of rule that permits citizens to vote directly on laws/policies
pluralism theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the govt (group politics)
direct action politics civil disobedience/ violence
what were most of the first immigrants european protestants
political culture broadly shared values, beliefs, attitudes about how the govt should function
limited govt a principle of constitutional govt (powers limited by constitution
laissez-faire capitalism an economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned/operated for profit w/ minimal or no govt interference
equality of opportunity a widely shared American ideal that all ppl should have the freedom to use w/e talents/wealth they have to reach fullest potential
political equality the right of the American political community to participate equally
popular sovereignty idea of placing power in hands of the people
majority rule/minority rights democratic principle that a govt follows the preference of the majority of voters but protects the interests of minorities
just majority rule bad? founders thought govt would turn into a tyranny of the majority
Created by: lex16
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