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APUSH Unit 6B
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Joseph Pulitzer | A publisher whose newspapers, including the New York World, became a symbol of the sensationalist journalism of the late nineteenth century. |
| William Randolph Hearst | A newspaper magnate who started by inheriting his father’s San Francisco Examiner and ultimately owned newspapers and magazines published in cities across the United States. He was largely responsible for the spread of sensationalist journalism. |
| John Dewey | A leader of the pragmatist movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, he applied its philosophy to education and social reform, advocating "learning by doing" as well as the application of knowledge to solving real-life problems. |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | A leader of the revived women’s suffrage movement, she served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) from 1900 to 1904 and again from 1915 to 1920. |
| Horatio Alger | The writer of dozens of novels for children, he popularized the notion of "rags to riches," that by hard work and a bit of a luck, even a poor boy could pull himself up into the middle class. |
| Mark Twain | A satirist and writer, he is best known for his books The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. His work critiqued American politics and society, especially the racial and economic injustice that he saw in the South and West. |
| Henry James | Expatriate novelist and brother of philosopher William ****. A master of "psychological realism," he experimented in novels like The Portrait of a Lady and The Wings of the Dove with point of view and interior monologue. |
| Winslow Homer | Boston-born artist who excelled in portraying New England’s pastoral farms and swelling seas in the native realist style. |
| Augustus Saint-Gaudens | Irish-born sculptor who immigrated to America and produced some of the nation’s finest beaux arts sculptures, including the Robert Gould Shaw Memorial on Boston Common. |
| Frederick Law Olmsted | Journalist and leading American landscape architect. His landmark designs include New York’s Central Park, Boston’s "Emerald Necklace," and the campuses of Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley. |
| Karl May | A German dime novelist who romanticized tales about Apache, Winnetou and Old Shatterland. His stories had foreigners intrigued about the cultural identity and history of America. |
| Frederick Jackson Turner | Author of the famous "frontier thesis" in which he argued that the taming of the West had shaped the nation’s character. The experience of molding wilderness into civilization encouraged Americans’ characteristic embrace of individualism and democracy. |
| Red Cloud | As a leader of the Oglala Lakota, he was a formidable opponent of the U.S. Army. Responsible for the Fetterman Massacre, one of the worst defeats suffered by the hangs of the U.S. Army at the hands of Indians. |
| Sitting Bull | Lakota leader who led resistance to U.S. government policies during Red Cloud's War and the Great Sioux War he escaped to Canada but returned to the United States in the 1880s. He was unfortunately killed in the Battle of Wounded Knee. |
| Chief Joseph | Leader of the Nez Perce who led a group to see asylum in Canada with Sitting Bull when the U.S. government moved his tribe to a small reservation in Idaho from their Ancestral lands in Oregon. |
| John Wesley Powell | Explorer and director of the U.S. Geological Survey who warned that agriculture was impossible past the 100th meridian without massive irrigation. |
| Oliver H. Kelley | A Minnesota farmer who was a founder of the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry. He hoped to enhance the lives of isolated farmers through social, educational, and fraternal activities. |
| William Hope “Coin” Harvey | Wrote the pamphlet Coin's Financial School in 1894 that became popular with the populists due to its support of silver over gold. |
| Mary Ellen Lease | Became well known during the early as a speaker for the populist party. She denounced the money-grubbing government and encouraged farmers to speak their discontent with the economic situation. |
| James B. Weaver | Former Civil War general who ran for president with the Greenback Party (1880) and the Populist Party (1892). |
| Eugene Victor Debs | A tireless socialist leader who organized the American Railway Union in the Pullman Strike in 1894. |
| John Peter Altgeld | Governor of Illinois who rejected calls in 1894 to break up the Pullman strike with force. In 1896 he was a leader of the progressive wing of the Democratic Party and was defeated in 1896 in an intensely fought, bitter campaign. |
| Grover Cleveland | President from 1885 to 1889 and again from 1893 to 1897; his first term was dominated by the issues of military pensions and tariff reforms. He lost the election of 1888, but he ran again and won in 1892. |
| Jacob S. Coxey | A wealthy Ohio Populist, he led a 500-strong "army" to Washington, D.C., in 1894 to demand a public works program to create jobs for the unemployed in the midst of a devastating four-year depression. |
| Tom Watson | A Populist leader who initially advocated interracial political mobilization but later became a symbol of the party’s shift to white supremacy. |
| William McKinley | A former Republican congressman from Ohio who won the presidency in 1896 and again in 1900. He was probusiness, conservative, and unwilling to trouble the waters by voicing unpopular opinions. |
| Marcus Alonzo Hanna | The driving force behind McKinley’s rise to the presidency, he was a former businessman who raised money and devised strategy for McKinley’s winning bid for the White House in 1896. |
Created by:
ryanhofmann
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