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Antebellum Era
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What year was the Louisiana territory purchased? | 1803 |
| Why did Napoleon want to sell the Louisiana Territory? | The French had lost control of the Haiti colony due to the revolt led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, the Haitians had destroyed a French army sent to control them. Without Haiti, Napoleon did not need the Louisiana Territory. |
| Why was the US so eager to purchase the Louisana Territory? | The US was eager to purchase Louisiana because of the Spanish control of the port of New Orleans, blocking the trade routes the Americans used. |
| Who did President Jefferson send to France? | James Monroe |
| What river was Louisiana west of? | The Mississippi River |
| What feature was the western boundary of the Louisiana Territory? | The Rocky Mountains |
| What major port was secures with the Louisiana Purchase? | New Orleans |
| How much was the Louisiana territory sold for? | 15,000,000 ; 1/4 of the money was sent as damage claims to the French |
| Who did the US purchase Louisiana from? | France |
| Which country did the US receive Florida in 1819 from? | Spain |
| Who were the SEMINOLES? | They were native Americans and run away slaves. |
| Why did Andrew Jackson invade Florida? | He led troops in the territory to put a end to the Seminole attacks, since the Spanish had done nothing to control it. The US demanded that Spain cede Florida to the US |
| How did the US gain Florida? | Spain signed the Adams-Onis Treaty ceding all of Florida to the US |
| In the 1800’s, what 3 countries occupied the Oregon Territory? | England, Russia, and Spain |
| What did James K. Polk promise during the 1844 election? | He promised to extend the Oregon border to the 54’ parallel |
| How was the Oregon Territory secured? | After Polk was elected, he negotitated the Oregon Treaty of 1846, which officials split the territory at the 46’ parallel |
| Why did Mexico allow US citizens to immigrate into Texas? (Tejas) | The let the settle there to help settle the land. |
| By the 1830’s, about how many Americans settled in Texas? | 25,000 |
| What did Mexico outlaw in it’s territories that the Americans disobeyed? | Slavery; Americans brought slaves into Texas illegally |
| How many years was Texas a independent country before becoming a state? | 10 years |
| What was the exchange for the Mexican Cecession? | The US signed the Guadalupe-Hidalago Treaty in 1848, The US paid Mexico 18,000,000 for the territory. This territory was around half of Mexican territory at the time |
| How much cotton could a single person clean in a sixteen hour work day BEFORE the cotton gin was invented? | One pound |
| How much more cotton could be cleaned in a sixteen hour day using the cotton gin? | Almost 1,000 times more |
| Why was cotton farming NOT profitable before the invention of the cotton gin? | The cost of owning a slave was greater than the profit from the cotton |
| While SC’s economy focused on agriculture, in which region of the country was the textile (woven fabrics) industry developing? How did the expansion of the textile industry affect the South? | The North; The South benefited economically from being able to have a constant buyer. |
| How did the cotton gin and developments in the kind of cotton grown allow cotton production to expand to SC’s Up Country specifically? | Everyone wanted to get in on the wealth that the cotton produced. The up-country started planting as well and developing more |
| how did the cotton gin affect the spread of slavery in the United States? | It increased the amount of slaves and the places people used them. it increased slavery in the Midwest too |
| What was the major driving force of the S.C economy? | Agriculture |
| How many slaves did most people in SC own? | 1 to 2 slaves |
| Who could vote in the South? | Every free white man over 21 |
| Who was purchasing cotton, thus indirectly supporting slave labor? | Northern States or Northern Textile factories |
| Why did some see slavery in SC as a “positive good”? | Some people thought that slaves were being provided and cared fro better than factory worker in the north. |
| Define Nationalism- | Pride or patriotism for ones country; Nationalist put the interests of the country ahead of their own ( seen as a unifying practice) |
| Define sectionalism- | A intense focus on local or regional issues or needs rather than the interests of your country (diverse- dividing) |
| What was the plan that Henry Clay proposed during the election of 1824? | The American System; internal improvements like railroads, canals, and roads. Protective tariffs- To protect US industries. National Bank- to provide funds to the government and help stabilize currency |
| Who won the election of 1824? | John Quincy Adams |
| Why didn’t Andrew Jackson win the election of 1824? | Jackson won the popular votes, but didn’t win enough votes from the electoral college. |
| How did Adams become President? | The House of Representatives chose Adams |
| Define Antebellum- | The time period before the civil war, between 1820-1860’ |
| Define Annex- | To add or join into a larger area |
| Define Cede- | To give up or surrender Ex- Texas Cessions |
| Define Abolitionist- | One who wanted to a abolish or do away with slavery Ex- Many northerners or Northern States |
| Define State’s rights | The political belief that rights and powers of a state should take precedence over the rights and powers of the federal government |
| Define Nullification- | The doctrine that a state has a right to refuse to disobey or enforce a federal law if the state believes that the law is unconstitutional |
| Define Secession- | The withdraw of the southern states from the union |
| What impact did the cotton gin have on the economy of the Southern United Staes during the Antebelllum Era? | It increased the production of cotton, boosting the economy |
| How did the Louisiana Purchase affect agriculture in the United States? | It provided new land for farming, stimulating agricultural growth |
| What was the purpose of tariffs during the Antebellum period? | To protect American Industries by making foreign goods more expensive |
| Which of the following best describes “internal improvements” in the Antebellum Era | Improved transportation like roads and canals |
| What role did the cotton gin play in the institution of slavery? | It increased the demand for slave labor due to higher cotton production |
| Which of the following happened as a result of the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney? | Slavery increased since more slaves were needed to pick cotton to keep up with he speed in which the cotton gin de-seeded the cotton. |
| How did slavery contribute to sectionalism, or focus on regional issues, in the United States? | Slaver split people and political parties into different factions cddf |
| What impact did the Louisiana purchase have on agriculture in the US | It gave them more land to expand their farming systems |
| How did new kinds of cotton impact SC cotton growers? | It allowed them to farm cotton away from the coast |
| Who invented the cotton gin? | Eli Whitney |
| How did the cotton gin change cotton production? | Short Staple cotton could be grow and harvested quicker and easier |
| How did the cotton gin impact slavery? | It allowed the spread of slavery, due to the increase in labor need for the increase in cotton |
| What are at least three differences between life in the North, West, and the South? | The North was full of factories, Liked tariffs bc it made them more competitive; The South was full of plantations and the widespread production of cotton and slave use; The West was small farmers and rural area, didn’t support tariffs like the south |
| What was the American system? How did it represent nationalism? | The American System was a plan to stabilize and enhance the US. It provided plans for internal improvements, a protective tariff(s), and a new national bank. ;; It showed Henry Clay’s interest for the nation to succeed and develop over his own gain |
| Why were southerners opposed to the tariff after 1816? | The south was angry because they thought raising money through taxes would benefit them. Instead, the money was never used and the tariffs only grew, making things more expensive for the southerners. It also slowed down the market in foreign countries |
| What is the Tariff of Abominations? | It was a bunch of tariffs on foreign goods. The southerners didn’t want things to cotton to get more expensive |
| What is the “SC Exposition and Protest”? Who wrote it? What arguments about states’ rights did it present? | It was a article written by John C. Calhoun. It was about SC protest to tariffs and there approach on nullification |
| What part did John C Calhoun and Andrew Jackson play in the Nullification crisis? | John C. Calhoun represented SC in the Nullification Crisis. Andrew Jackson was the counter part and throughly disagreed with their course of action |
| What was the Force Bill? | Andrew Jackson signs the force bill as a way to get SC to withdraw there nullification statement. When he signed the force bill it sent troops to surround SC if they didn’t withdraw nullification |
| Who are the Five Civilized Tribes? How are they civilized? | Cherokee, Chickasaw, Seminole, Choctaw, and Creek. They adapted into European society and their culture. |
| What was the Indian Removal Act? What impact did it have on the Five Civilized Tribes, specifically the Cherokee? | It was a at signed in 1830 to remove native Americans and sen them to a territory west of the Mississippi. Many N.A. Died and lost everything. The Cherokee went to court and fought very hard to maintain their independence and land |
| What was the Trail of Tears | It was a 5,000 mile long trail where nearly 1/4 of natives died after losing everything. |
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