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Chapter 29
Chapter 29 - ROCORI Distel
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | 34th U.S. President of the United States. 1953-1961. Republican and former General during World War II. |
| Adlai Stevenson II | Democratic presidential candidate in 1952 and 1956. Lost to Dwight Eisenhower both times. |
| Richard Nixon | Vice President under Eisenhower and future President of the United States. Head of HUAC during the Red Scare. |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist dictator of the Soviet Union at the beginning of the Cold War. Died in 1953 of a stroke. |
| Iron Curtain | A political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region. Name came from a speech by Winston Churchill of Great Britain |
| Moderate Republicans | Members of the Republican Party that shared some views with the Democrats or had some Democratic policies. Dwight Eisenhower was a Moderate Republican. |
| Arms Race (Cold War) | US and USSR compete for technological and nuclear supremacy |
| Nuclear War | A war in which powerful nuclear weapons are used. The Soviets and Americans feared a nuclear war was imminent in the 1950s. |
| Disarmament | Reduction of armed forces and weapons |
| Red Scare | A period during the 1950s of fear that communists were living |
| Communism | A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. |
| Capitalism | An economic system based on private ownership of capital |
| HUAC | (House Un-American Activities Committee) Congressional committee that investigated possible suspicious activities within the United States |
| Joseph McCarthy | Republican senator from Wisconsin. Accused many of being Communist. |
| McCarthyism | Unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists) without any hardcore proof |
| Rosenbergs | Couple executed for giving military secrets to the Soviets in the 1950's. |
| Suburbanization | |
| Explorer I | 1st U.S. satellite launched into space |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) | 1st American program devoted entirely to space and rocket techniques and technology. |
| Suez Canal Crisis | Military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel in 1956 after Egypt seized the Suez Canal from British administration. |
| Hungary Revolt | Hungary announces to leave WarSaw Pact, Khrushchev sends in Red Army to keep them in Hungary |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | US would help any Middle East nation trying to resist Communism. |
| U-2 Spy Plane Incident | American spy plane (Gary Powers) shot down over USSR. |
| Cease fire | A temporary stopping of a war |
| Armistice | Official ending of a war |
| Brinkmanship | Push to the edge of war (strategy of John Foster Dulles) |
| decimate | to totally destroy |
| detente | a relaxation of tensions between nations (US & USSR) |
| precedent | an example other decisions are based on |
| integration | to mix the races |
| segregation | to separate the races |
| manifesto | a formal statement of one's beliefs |
| John Foster Dulles | Eisenhower's Secretary of State |
| Ho Chi Minh | Founder of communist revolution in Vietnam, leader of Vietminh. |
| Shah of Iran | US-backed leader of Iran |
| Nikita Khrushchev | replaced Stalin as leader of USSR |
| Martin Luther King (MLK) | Black Civil Rights leader. |
| Rosa Parks | Black woman who refused to give up her bus seat in Montgomery, Alabama. |
| Bus Boycott | Happened in Montgomery, Alabama after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus. |
| Soil Bank | US governnment program that paid farmers to not plant a crop on their land. |
| HEW | Health, Education, and Welfare. A new government cabinet department. |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | 1954 Supreme Court ruling which reversed Plessy vs. Ferguson. B vs. B menat public schools cannot separate by race. |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court decision that upheld the "Jim Crow" laws. Said that separate but equal is constitutional. |
| Little Rock, Arkansas | Site of 1st major civil rights protest. Rosa Parks arrested for sitting in front of a bus. Protest was led by Martin Luther King, Jr. (MLK) |
| Israel | new Jewish nation centered in Middle East-many wars and attacks on them. |
| Operation Paperclip | At end of WWII the US snuck 127 German rocket scientists out of Germany. They became the founders of the US rocket program. |
| Sputnik | 1st USSR satellite - caused panic and educational changes in the US. |
| Vanguard | 1st US attempt to launch a satellite. EXPLODED on liftoff. |
| Explorer 1 | 1st SUCCESSFUL US satellite. |
| National Defense Education Act | Sparked by Sputnik. Provided $1 billion for USA math and science education. |
| Cuba | Fidel Castro took power on January 1, 1960. |
| Country who helped the Egyptians build the Aswan Dam | USSR |
Created by:
evenss
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