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DATPrep: Bootcamp 1

Ch. 1: Molecules and Fundamentals of Biology

TermDefinition
Matter anything that takes up space and has mass
Element a pure substance that has specific physical / chemical properties and cant be broken down into a simpler substance
Atom the smallest unit of matter that still retains the chemical properties of the element
Molecule two or more atoms joined together
intramolecular forces attractive forces that act on atoms within a molecule
intermolecular forces forces that exist between molecules and affect physical properties of the substance
monomers single molecules that can polymerize (bond) with one another
polymers substances made up of many polymers joined together in chains
dehydration (condensation) reaction creates a covalent bond between monomers and releases water
hydrolysis a reaction that breaks a covalent bond using water
carbohydrates used as fuel and structural support & contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (CHO)
the forms of carbohydrates monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
monosaccharides carbohydrate monomers
Ribose five carbon monosaccharide
Glucose and fructose six carbon monosaccharides that are isomers of each other because they share the same chemical formula but have different atom arrangements
disaccharrides consists of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond / resulting from a dehydration reaction (ex. sucrose, lactose, maltose)
polysaccharides multiple monosaccharides connected by glycosidic bonds to form long polymers
starch form of energy storage for plants
glycogen form of energy storage in animals
Created by: jennahamilton
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