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Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union |
| 13th Amendment (1865) | abolished slavery |
| 14th Amendment (1868) | citizenship, and equal protection |
| 15th Amendment (1870) | gave African American men the right to vote |
| Jim Crow Laws | State laws in the South that legalized segregation. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US |
| Homestead Act (1862) | law that gave 160 acres of land to citizens willing to live on and cultivate it for five years |
| assembly line | In a factory, an arrangement where a product is moved from worker to worker, with each person performing a single task in the making of the product. |
| Monopoly | Complete control of a product or business by one person or group |
| Progressive Era | time at the turn of the 20th century in which groups sought to reform America economically, socially, and politically |
| Muckrakers | Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public |
| Nativism | Discrimination towards immigrants or the belief that immigration to the U.S. should be limited. |
| Imperialism | A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically. |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | Germany's Policy of sinking ships with their U-boats, enemy or neutral, that carry war material |
| Treaty of Versailles | Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment. |
| 19th Amendment (1920) | Gave women the right to vote |
| Prohibition (18th amendment) | illegal to manufacture, distribute, or possess any type of alcoholic beverage (distilled spirits). The Noble Experiment. Opened the door for organized crime (Al Capone), bootleggers and smuggling. Repealed by the 21st Amendment |
| New Deal | A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression. Relief, Recovery, Reform |
| Pearl Harbor | December 7, 1941 - Surprise attack by the Japanese on the main U.S. Pacific Fleet harbored in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii destroyed 18 U.S. ships and 200 aircraft. In response, the U.S. declared war on Japan and Germany, entering World War II. |
| Internment Camps | Used to hold Japanese-American citizens due to fear of spies during WWII |
| Atomic Bomb | bomb dropped by an American bomber on Hiroshima and Nagasaki destroying both cities. Ended WW2 in the Pacific |
| Containment | American policy to prevent further expansion of communism around the world |
| Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) | October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island |
| Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. |
| Civil Disobedience | A nonviolent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws (ex. boycotts, marches, sit-ins) |
| MLK Jr. vs. Malcolm X | MLK promoted nonviolent protest. Malcolm X led militant action against racism and disagreed greatly with MLK. |
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