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Cold War
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology |
| Satellite States | Countries in Eastern Europe that were politically and economically influenced/dependent on the Soviet Union. |
| Containment | American policy of preventing the spread of communism |
| Marshall Plan | a plan for aiding the European nations in economic recovery after World War II in order to stabilize and rebuild their countries and prevent the spread of communism. |
| Berlin Airlift | Joint effort by the US and Britain to fly food and supplies into W Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city |
| Berlin Wall | A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West |
| Cold War | A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. |
| Nuclear Arms Race | the Cold War competition between superpowers to develop more powerful and greater numbers of nuclear weapons |
| Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea and the Soviet Union aided North Korea. |
| Sputnik | October, 1957 - The first artificial satellite sent into space, launched by the Soviets. |
| McCarthyism | The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee. |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba |
| Vietnam War | A prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States. |
| Glastnost | the Soviet Union's plan to allow more political freedom in the 1980's--Gorbechev was the leader "Openness" |
| Perestroika | A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | 1949 alliance of nations that agreed to band together in the event of war and to support and protect each nation involved |
| Iron Curtain | Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet-dominated East and the U.S.-dominated West. |
| Domino Theory | A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control. |
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