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H.H. S1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Feudalism | Wealthy (or noble) land owner gave parcels of land to people to farm. Labor had to pay rent + share of crop/livestock |
| Mayflower Compact | First Constitution of the colonies, social contract, colonists agreed to follow the community's rules and regulations for the sake of order and survival |
| Mercantilism | Economic system where government intervenes in the economy for the purpose of increasing national wealth |
| Declaratory Act | Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever" |
| Sugar Act | Paid for 10,000 British troops stationed in colonies |
| Stamp Act | Required purchase of specially embossed paper; Direct tax on stamped paper |
| Townshend Revenue Act | Raise money to pay for judges and government salaries. |
| Tea Act | Tax on East India Co. Tea; limit purchase power |
| Coercive/Intolerable Acts | a series of four laws; Retaliate for the acts of colonial defiance by establishing a new administration for Britain’s territory |
| Treaty of Paris of 1783 | Ended the war between England and the Colonies; shared the MS River |
| Jefferson’s Embargo | Purpose was to make Britain and France see U.S. as neutral; Britain will end impressment; open/free trade can exist |
| Treaty of Ghent | Ended war of 1812 |
| Monroe Doctrine | U.S. is now closed to further European expansion; U.S. would not get involved in further European conflicts |
| Nativists (in “Revolutions” activity, not notes) | Policy of keeping society ethnically homogenous (one ethnic group) |
| Transcendentalism | Intellectual writing; emphasized individualism and communing with nature |
| Abolitionism | Political movement to end slavery |
| Homestead Act | First meaningful incentive to prospective farmers 160 acres free for anyone who lived on land for 5 years |
| Morrill Land Grant Act | Gave states land for public universities |
| Cotton Diplomacy | England and France are the largest importers of American cotton; South uses this for support / dictate decisions |
| Encomienda | forced labor system (slavery) |
| Virgin Soil Epidemics | Warfare + famine + low birth rates + disease = Easier European colonial expansion |
| Columbian Exchange | Trade between Europe and North America, Caribbean, and South America |
| Protestant Reformation | Significant battles between Catholics and Protestants for control |
| Slave Codes | Allowed masters to torture, maim, kill without legal punishment; made slavery a permanent condition, inherited through the mother, and defined slaves as property |
| Elastic Clause | President can make economic decisions if it is for the good of the growth of the country (Implied Powers) |
| Impressment | Forcing men into military service |
| infrastructure | Structures and systems needed for the functioning of developed societies |
| Manifest Destiny | Idea that the U.S. had the divine right to expand from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| Civil Disobedience | Peacefully challenge laws you feel are immoral or unjust |
| secession | The withdrawal of eleven southern states from the Union in 1860, leading to the Civil War. |
| Border state | Undecided slave owning state; strategic asset |
| Anaconda Plan | "Scott's Great Snake"; naval blockade of Southern ports to strangle trade economy (MS/OH River) |
| Emancipation | Declared slavery in the states of the Confederacy was illegal; liberated slaves from slavery |
| Jim Crow | Racial Caste system which segregated blacks from whites, primarily in the Southern and border states between 1865-1965; Jim Crow was a character created by Thomas Dartmouth Rice in 1830 for a minstrel show |
| perpetrator | People who carry out, facilitate, or instruct in the violence (or annihilation) of a person or group |
| collaborator | Someone who cooperates with the action(s) of perpatrators |
| bystander | Someone who is present and/or knows about its occurrence and does nothing to stop it |
| Staub’s Model of Frustration | 5 stages of hate 1. Biased Attitudes 2. Acts of Bias 3. Systemic Discrimination 4. Bias-Motivated Violence 5. Genocide |
| dehumanization | The act of depriving someone or something of human qualities, personality, or dignity |
| scapegoat | Person blamed for wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others despite it being improper or immoral |
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