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8th-Civil War SS-U4
What the war was like for everyone, the battles, and the effects
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the strengths of the North during the Civil War (4)? | -Population of 22 mil -Owned 90% of the nation’s manufacturing and banks -More iron, copper, coal, and gold (materials for railroads and weapons) -Efficient transportation (controlled seas + 21,000 miles of railroads |
| What were the weaknesses of the North during the Civil War (2)? | -Leadership was unable (many military leaders resigned at the start of the war) -Had to fight in unknown territory (offense) |
| What were the strengths of the South during the Civil War (4)? | -Military leadership (most US’s best generals were from the South) -Geographically, pretty large and had many natural boundaries (tough to conquer) -More motivated -Had knowledge in the terrain |
| What were the weaknesses of the South during the Civil War (4)? | -Mississippi River (if controlled by Union, transportation limited, divides the Confederacy in two) -Transport issues (lacked railroads) -Few factories -Less population |
| True or False: The North had more weapon materials. | True |
| True or False: The South had less military leadership. | False |
| Why did the North fight (3)? | -They viewed secession as a “rebellion” (ending the “Southern Rebellion”) -Defending our country and unifying us -Defending the government |
| Why did the South fight (4)? | -Fighting for states’ rights -Defending their own ways of life (economy, cultures, etc.) -Southern independence -Defending their home and family |
| How were families affected by the War? | Every single family had someone drafted, serving, or died.Dealt with a lot of grief: lost friends or loved ones. Men and boys were separated from their families due to the drafts. |
| How were immigrants affected by the War? | Were forced to fight in the war with little knowledge on the slavery situation or why they were fighting. |
| How were African Americans affected by the War (as soldiers)? | Got less pay, were perceived as not good at fighting, worse supplies. Not allowed to enlist until 1862. Could be killed or sold into slavery if they were captured. (Fort Wagner) |
| What did women do in the War (at home (6) & on front lines (6)? | AT HOME: -Running farms or businesses or doing factory work -Nurses or teachers -Government workers FRONT LINES: Messengers and guides Scouts and spies Soldiers (dressed as men) |
| True or False: Women could be soldiers. | True --> only if they disguised themselves |
| True or False: Women were not able to work on farms and manage businesses. | False |
| True or False: Women could be government workers or spies. | True |
| Who was Abraham Lincoln? | Abraham was the president during the war. He stated the Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address. |
| Who was Jefferson Davis? | The Confederacy's president with great military leadership. |
| Who was Robert Lee? | A Confederate general who fought many battles (and won some) but eventually surrendered to Ulysses Grant. |
| Who was Ulysses Grant? | A Union general who led the Union army to victory. |
| Who was Frederick Douglass? | Former slave who was a slavery activist. |
| Who was Mary Chestnut? | Southern lady who wrote diaries of her war experiences. Her husband worked closely with J. Davis. |
| Who was Mathew Brady? | A photographer of the Civil War who shared his work with the public. |
| Who was William Sherman? | He was a harsh and cruel general who led the war march in Georgia (Total War) . Assisted in propelling Lincoln to victory in the election. |
| Who was Clara Barton? | A Civil War nurse who later started the American Red Cross. |
| Who was Rose Greenhow? | A spy for the Confederates that assisted in the Battle of Bull Run Union loss. |
| Who was S. Jackson? | Lincoln's vice president |
| Extra: - True or False: Dorothea Dix was a nurse who treated soldiers on both sides of the War. | True |
| What were the weapon advancements in the Civil War (6)? | -Rifles - increased accuracy and lethality with… -Minie Ball bullets -Repeaters - faster reloading=more deaths -Ironclads moved the war partially to sea, and.. -Submarines did too -Hydrogen filled Balloons - spy and have surveillance on other army |
| What were the medical advancements in the Civil War (4)? | -Amputations -Prosthetics -Anesthesia -Facial Reconstruction (not good) |
| What were the transportation advancements in the Civil War (2)? | -Railroads - transport of people, supplies, and weapons easier -Ambulance Transports - transport injured by stretcher-ish |
| What were the communication advancements in the Civil War (2)? | -Telegraph and morse code allowed for communications directly between the president and generals -Photography showed the war to commoners |
| What were the 3 steps to the Anaconda Plan? | Step 1: Cut off South’s trade with Europe (surround South by sea). Step 2: Divide the CSA in half (gain Mississippi River) Step 3: Capture Richmond, Virginia (capital) |
| Extra: Who created the Anaconda Plan? | General Winfield Scott |
| What was Total War? | Using any military force/weapons/strategy needed to secure complete victory (Sherman’s March to Sea) could be war crimes. |
| Who used the idea of Total War? | Sherman in his March to Sea |
| What did the suspension of Habeas Corpus do? | This was the right to appear before a judge. Suspending this meant traitors could be held in prison until end of war. |
| What was the Confederate Draft (age range, history, escape)? | -All white males between 18 & 35 were eligible for draft -First draft of any kind in U.S. History -Men could pay other man to take their place |
| What was the Union Draft (age range, facts, escape)? | -All white males between 20 & 45 were eligible for draft -Included immigrants -Men could pay other man to take their place or pay $300 and not have to go |
| What were border states (and who were they)? | They had slaves but were part of the Union - Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware, and Maryland. |
| What happened in the Election of 1864? | Lincoln won against General McClellan (the one he fired for not ending the War when he could have) because the country was at war and needed constant support. Sherman's march helped propel Lincoln to victory. |
| What amendment abolished slavery? | The 13th Amendment |
| What were the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation (4)? | -All slaves in any confederate states (rebel) were free (freed no one) -Made the war about slavery -Made it his goal to deprive the South of their workforce -Kept Great Britain and France from aiding the Confederacy |
| What was the significance of the Battle of Bull Run (4)? | -Rose Greenhow - warns the CSA of Union plans -Both sides meet at Manassas (Bull Run Creek) -“Stonewall” Jackson (Confederate)+ troops hold firm -Shocking defeat for the North and showed that the war would not be quick nor easy (South won) |
| What was the significance of Vicksburg (2)? | -Union had Confederates blockaded and attacked the city constantly for 6 weeks (blocking trade) -Union gained control of the Mississippi (divides South in half) |
| What was the significance of Gettysburg (3)? | -Most casualties were caused in this battle -North gained the upper hand. -Lee lost many troops and was never going to invade the North again |
| What was the significance of Antietam (4)? | -Lee’s first attempt to invade North -Union learned Lee’s battle strategies with the Union as attackers. -Bloodiest one-day battle in the war. -The battle was a strategic victory. |
| What was the Gettysburg Address (4)? | Given by Lincoln: -Emphasized ideals of equality and Justice -Appealed to the Union to keep fighting (hyped up) -Dedication of Union cemetery for the Battle of Gettysburg |
| Were Grant's terms of surrender generous or harsh? | They were generous |
| What were Grant's terms of surrender? | Confederates could go home and keep their property, weapons, and were sent food from the North (generous). |
| Who did the South appeal to for help with the War? | Great Britain |
| Why did Europe say no to helping the South (2)? | -Britain had recently outlawed slavery so they had opposite views -Let into light by Emancipation Proclamation |
Created by:
Booklyn
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