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vocab terms 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc |
| Climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period |
| Prevailing winds | a wind from the direction that is predominant at a particular place or season |
| Ocean currents | the movement of water from one location to another |
| Gulf stream | a strong ocean current that brings warm water from the Gulf of Mexico into the Atlantic Ocean |
| Front | a transition zone between two different air masses at the Earth's surface |
| Rain Shadow | a region of relatively low rainfall that occurs downwind of a mountainside or mountain range facing away from the direction of the wind |
| 5 general climate zones | tropical, dry, moderate, continental, and polar |
| Monsoons | a shift in winds that often causes a very rainy season or a very dry season |
| Savannas | an extensive cover of grasses with scattered trees |
| Steppes | a dry grassland with a temperate climate |
| Permafrost | any ground that remains completely frozen—32°F (0°C) or colder—for at least two years straight |
| Environment | The place, people, things and nature that surround any living organism |
| Ecosystem | a community of organisms and their physical environment interacting together |
| Habitat | an environment where an organism lives throughout the year or for shorter periods of time to find a mate |
| Extinct | occurs when a species no longer exists on the Earth |
| Soil Factory | the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles |
| Humus | the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter |
| Desertification | a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife |
| greenhouse effect | the process through which heat is trapped near Earth's surface by substances known as 'greenhouse gases |
| air pressure | the force per unit of area exerted on the Earth's surface by the weight of the air above the surface |
| Barometer | a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure in a certain environment |
| Doldrums | the belt around the Earth near the equator where sailing ships sometimes get stuck on windless waters |
| Arid | excessively dry |
| Food Chain/Web | group of organisms linked in order of the food they eat, from producers to consumers, and from prey, predators, scavengers, and decomposers |
| Plant communities | Plain people are Christian groups in the United States |
| Plant Successions | Plant succession is an ecological process of change in a plant community that occurs over time in response to management |
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