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History final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Author of the Declaration of Independence and 3rd US President Anti-Federalists | Thomas Jefferson |
| A movement in Europe that spread to America that challenged the government and wanted people to have more freedoms and power to vote, also known as the age of reason. | Enlightenment |
| Tax on Documents that were official, the justification for the tax was so the British can pay off their war expenses from fighting in the French and Indian war also called the seven years war. | Stamp Act |
| This was the peace Treaty After the American Colonists successfully defeated the British in America | Treaty of Paris |
| After this battle General York surrendered to the American Colonists fighting for Independence. | Battle of Saratoga |
| This was the trade route between the Caribbean, Africa, and Europe | Triangle Trade |
| This was the trade of imports and exports from Europe to the New World. Tobacco and Corn for Grapes and Wheat. | Colombian Exchange |
| Poor people who are single and usually white from Europe who work for seven years in exchange for a trip to the New world. | Indentured servants |
| He moved to Pennsylvania for religious freedom and created a Quaker religion that was against violence and bad treatment towards native Americans and against slavery. | William Penn |
| This was one of the first settlements in Virginia settled by the Joint Stock Company out of England to make a profit, a lot of indentured servants took the trip. | Jamestown |
| This group left Western Europe because of all of the religious wars and founded a new religious community in Massachusetts, mostly families | Puritans |
| He was the leader of the Jamestown colony for a couple of years and had issues with Pocahontas's tribe but he did not marry her. | John Smith |
| The religious movement came out of the Protestant Puritan culture of revitalizing church membership and literacy that led to the creation of colleges like Harvard and new churches. | The Great Awakening |
| This group of colonists got sick and tired of the treatment they were receiving from the British and were known as terrorists but we regard them as heroes for fighting in the American Revolution | Patriots |
| This war was fought over beaver pelts between the British Empire and the French Empire. The French had more Natives on their side. The British won and decided to make the colonists pay for it. | Seven Years War |
| The colonists were angry about taxes and decided to protest by destroying the British supply of tea. | Boston Tea Party |
| The British were angry about the Boston Tea Party and other protesters. So they shut down the Boston city with a curfew and patrols with these laws. | Intolerable Acts |
| After the American Revolution. Daniel and other veterans were angry about taxes and foreclosures in Western Massachusetts and George Washington had to show his power to stop this rebellion from starting a mini civil war. | Shay's Rebellion |
| Northern states and Southern states decided that they could add the slaves population only as a smaller fraction instead of a whole number | 3/5 Compromise |
| This simply means to agree to something and add it to the rules | Ratify |
| Montesquieu's philosophy from the Enlightenment period was added to the development of the Constitution where the Federal government shares power with the states. | Checks and Balances |
| Two houses in Congress, Senate 2 per state makes the Federalist happy and House of Representatives based on 100 per state If the state has a large population makes the Anti-Federalist happy. | The Great Compromise. |
| He was not a US citizen and an immigrant who was a federalist and President Washington's Treasurer. Wanted a Federal Bank and was not Puerto Rican, but he was born in the Caribbean. | Alexander Hamilton |
| This gives states power to declare if a law in the Constitution or actions by the federal government is unconstitutional. It's a great theory that caused the civil war. | Nullification |
| This type of politician wants a strong National Government to collect Taxes, some famous ones were James Madison and Alexander Hamilton. Thomas Jefferson hates them. | Federalists |
| These politicians were afraid the national government would abuse its power and collect taxes and take away state power. They wanted the bill of rights so people could do whatever they wanted. Thomas Jefferson was one. | Anti-Federalists |
| This empire was muy grande and colonized the western hemisphere before the British and dutch | Spanish empire |
| This old economic system was controlled by the Kings of Europe who had to import more goods than export. | Mercantilism |
| He was a white abolitionist who wrote the liberator newspaper. | William Lloyd Garrison |
| Thomas Jefferson the Anti-Federalist president bought this chunk of land from Napoleon that created a bunch of compromises later on and a civil war because if expansion and slavery. | Louisiana Purchase |
| One of many compromises but the first saying we are going to have the same number of slave and free states admitting Maine as free and Missouri as slave. | Missouri Compromise |
| She was only 16 years old and if it wasn't for her Louis and Clark and 40 of their friends would have starved to death or been killed by Native Americans somewhere in the Rocky Mountains | Sacagawea |
| He was a freed slave who escaped and used his education to abolish slavery by way of publishing a newspaper called the North Star | Fredrick Douglas |
| The belief that America will be settled completely from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. | Manifest Destiny |
| Another compromise to add California as a free state, but it started getting awkward by the 1850s. | The Compromise of 1850 |
| She was a female early on calling for women's rights and wanting to end slavery. She even organized a women's rally in Seneca Falls, New York | Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
| This compromise was so confusing the politicians just said Arizona, Utah and other western states just vote yourselves if you want slaves, this caused one state to bleed | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| States could not tax part of the National government, it was a supreme court case that gave more power to the federal government | McCulloch v. Maryland |
| President Monroe told Europeans after the war of 1812 and the XYZ affair to stay out of the western Hemisphere waters. | Monroe Doctrine |
| The president was very popular with the working class because he himself came from humble beginnings and rose up as a military general beating the British. | Jacksonian Democracy |
| Union 3 part plan to defeat the south | Anaconda plan |
| The federal program to help protect and educate and rebuild the south with emphasis on the freed African American population in the south | Freedmen's Bureau |
| take the capital, block the shipping ports, and patrol the major rivers with gun boats | the river war |
| He wanted to wage total war on the South, destroying everything from Atlanta to Savannah | General William Tecumseh Sherman |
| Lincoln's speech was delivered at a cemetery that motivated American to stick together | Gettysburg Address |
| Lincoln's played on words, if the southern states considered slaves property then Lincoln had the power to confiscate all property and set them free | Emancipation Proclamation |
| This side of America had more people, weapons, navy, and railroads | Union advantages over confederates |
| This amendment granted citizenship to anyone born in the US | 14th amendment |
| American cowboys learned from this culture and their influences assimilated into American cowboys culture | Mexican Vaqueros |
| Ranching, Gold, a lot of land were reasons American pioneers settled this part of America | Great Plains/resources |
| These were African American families migrating from the South and moving out west to settle in places like Kansas and Nebraska | Exodusters |
| Free 160 acres in the Great Plains as long as you can survive for a couple of years. | Homestead Act |
| This giant industrial transportation beast was supported by the federal government but took advantage of people | Railroad Companies Development |
| With no trees Great Plains settlers had to build these to survive 35 below winters | Soddies/Dugouts |
| The famous cattle drive trail where African American, American, and Mexicans drove cattle from Texas to Kansas | Chisholm Trail |
| These new laws broke up reservations and have Native families land | Dawes Act |
| The vast area in between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains | Great Plains |
| Lost big time at Little Bighorn | General Custer/Little BigHorn |
| They wanted more money in circulation, reduced immigration, 8 hour work day, easier bank loans, railroad price fixing, and tax breaks on farming | Populist reforms |
| Started off as the Grange and turned into a farmers economic political movement that almost got William Jennings Bryan elected to the White House. | Populism |
| He gave the speech that no one will crucify me on a cross of gold. He did not win | William Jennings Bryan |
| The stock market crashed, railroads went bankrupt, people exchanged cash money for gold. | Panic of 1893 |
| Democrats and small farmers want the US currency to be on silver and gold known as bimetallism, more money in circulation and Republican rich businessmen want US currency to be on gold with less money in circulation. | Gold bugs v. Silverites |
| Rich businessmen who used ruthless business tactics | Robber Barons |
| Big giant businesses that controlled entire markets | Corporations/Monopolies |
| The smelted iron used to build very tall structured leading to the development of modern cities | Steel/Skyscrapers |
| United States economic system that communists hated | Capitalism |
| The time period during the 2nd industrial revolution in America that was described by Mark Twain as only a few got rich and the rest were working like dogs. | Gilded Age |
| Mixture of different people in America | Melting Pot |
| 160 young women were killed in this factory due to improper fire safety procedures that led to building code reform. | Triangle Shirtwaist Factory |
| He was one of the most famous monopolies robber barons who made a fortune in oil and now today people ice skate below his temple in NY. | John D. Rockefeller |
| A business that sells part of its company to investors. Investors have a chance to own part of this large company in the form of shares of stocks | Collective Bargaining |
| When monopolies are formed because corporations buy out other companies that are selling the same product | Horizontal integration |
| He developed the light bulb in Menlo Park, New Jersey | Thomas Edison |
| He was a Scottish immigrant who made a monopoly in the steel business | Andrew Carnegie |
| Survival of the fittest, the idea a larger animal is the apex predator on small animals in the food chain is applied to business competition in a capitalist society | Social Darwinism |
| An economic response to Capitalism and a new form of economic system when the government takes more control of the economy | Socialism |
| Photographer who used the camera to take photographs of the slums and published his book "How the Other Half Lives" | Jacob Riis |
| Granted women the right to vote | 19th Amendment |
| Roosevelt established about 230 million acres of public lands including 150 national forests, the first 55 federal bird reservation and game preserves, 5 national parks, and the first 18 national monuments | President Roosevelt's Environmental Policies |
| The Know Nothing Party that wanted to stop immigration because they thought it was a threat to the US economy and way of life | Nativists |
| Immigration inspection station in San Francisco | Angel Island |
| People who wanted to improve America when it came to mental health, prison quality, equal rights, fair working condition, regulation on unfair business practices | Progressives |
| A new progressive federal government law that protected consumers from business fraud | Federal Trade Commission |
| The right to vote | Suffrage |
| Federal government's power to monitor meat processing, food, and safe drugs | Meat Inspection Act |
| Name to title given to a Journalist who exposes corruption | Muckraker |
| In this book Upton Sinclair exposes the disgusting quality of meat being processed in a Chicago slaughter house | The Jungle |
| This amendment made the populist people happy because now people can directly vote for Senators | 17th Amendment |
| President __________ did a lot to trust bust monopolies, he has bad teeth, and did nothing if not not make segregation worse in America | President Wilson |
| The Japanese government was angry at San Francisco school boards so President Roosevelt had to negotiate who can and cannot immigrate to American from Japan | Gentlemen's Agreement |
| Growth of cities, crime, sanitation, entertainment, overcrowding, jobs, transportation issues, and plumbing | Urbanization |
| The immigration inspection station in New York | Ellis Island |
| Slum apartments that fell apart, and caught on fire and needed to be condemned or remodeled. | Tenement housing |
| Jane Adams and other created these safe shelters for families in cities | Settlement houses |
| The goal to assimilate immigrants into US culture through education in English, how to make hot dogs, apple pie, and play baseball | Americanization Movement |
| This President unlike President Polk did not go to war with Mexico but almost did | President Wilson |
| This is when news outlets like newspaper companies sensationalize the news with controversial titles to sell newspapers. | Yellow Journalism |
| The United States surprised Spain when they attacked this Spanish Colony to start the Spanish American War | Philippines |
| This US president diplomatically walked quietly but carried a big stick to intimidate the other countries | Big Stick Policy |
| Spain had fought two previous revolutions with this Caribbean Country that is only 90 miles South of Florida | Cuba |
| America remains neutral and does not get involved in Europe's drama | Neutrality/Isolationism |
| This US President's plan to keep America out of WWI | President Wilson's Neutrality |
| The note sent to Mexico from the German ambassador asking for Mexico to attack the US in exchange for California, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas | Zimmerman Note |
| He was a famous Tennessean who became a decorated WWI vet for his bravery in battle | Alvin York |
| The boat that was torpedoed by the Germans used to call for America to get involved in WWI | Lusitania |
| These fundamental Bill of Rights were violated during war time because the government has more power during war time so stop complaining | Alien and Sedition Acts |
| The organization that was going to keep American businesses going during WWI and prevent strikes and Union from stopping production | War Industry Bond |
| The plan for American to grow their own crops so that farmers could ship their goods to feed soldiers fighting in WWI | Victory Gardens |
| This style of defense in World War I protected soldiers from machine gun fire. | Trench Warfare |
| The Alien Sedition Acts and Espionage Acts were being enforced during World War I in America which took away some Americans _______________ ______________________ | Civil Liberties |
| This amendment ended slavery in the United States but not Cuba | 13th Amendment |
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karisheintz
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