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Chapter 5 Vocabulary
The American Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| proclamation | a formal, public statement that announces something new |
| tax | money paid by people to governments for public expenses |
| customs agent | the person in charge of collecting taxes as well as controlling the flow of people, animals, and goods in and out of a country |
| massacre | the brutal killing of several people at once |
| democracy | a political system in which power lies with citizens |
| Sons of Liberty | A secret group who fought to oppose the taxes placed on the colonies by Great Britain |
| Tea Act 1773 | A tax imposed on the colonists by Great Britain for tea. |
| Intolerable Acts | A collection of laws passed in response to the Boston Tea Party |
| Samuel Adams | political writer and creator of the Sons of Liberty |
| The First Continental Congress | Meeting in 1774 delegates from colonies met in Philadelphia to discuss concerns with Great Britain |
| militiamen | local citizens who serve in an army in emergencies |
| Paul Revere | rode to warn the Sons of Liberty about the British plan to destroy colonial munitions |
| philosophers | wise people who share ideas about how people can best live their lives |
| unalienable | a person's basic rights that cannot be taken away by another person or government |
| Loyalists | Americans who stayed loyal to King George |
| Boston Massacre | colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British soldiers |
| Boston Tea Party | Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led patriots in throwing tea into the Boston Harbor to protest tea tax |
| Patrick Henry | member of the House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism |
| John Adams | promoted the cause of independence |
| George Washington | Commander of the Continental Army |
| Thomas Jefferson | Major author of the Declaration of Independence |
| Thomas Paine | Wrote the pamphlet "Common Sense" promoting American independence |
| Benjamin Franklin | Prominent member of the Continental Congress; helped frame the Declaration of Independence; helped gain French support for American Independence |
| Battle of Saratoga | The American Victory that was the turning point in the war and led to French support for the Patriot cause |
| Marquis de Lafayette | French nobleman who served in the Continental Army; worked with the king of France to send French troops, ships and funds to assist the colonists; contributed to the victory at Yorktown |
| Lord Cornwallis | British general who surrendered at Yorktown |
| Treaty of Paris | 1783 - written agreement that officially ended Britain's rule |
| surrender | to agree to stop fighting, hiding, resisting, etc. |
| peace | a state or period of mutual concord between governments |
| blockade | to stop people or supplies from entering or leaving a port or country |
| treaty | an official agreement that is made between two or more countries or groups; a contract in writing between two or more political authorities. |
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