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Honors SSI Exam 2
Honors SSI
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| temporary inequality | lesser party is socially defined as unequal (e.g. parent and child, teacher and student) |
| permanent inequality | Defined as unequal based on “ascription”: your birth defines you |
| dominant group is | a mold for “normal human relationships” |
| white privilege | invisible package of unearned assets in which whites can count on cashing in each day but aren’t supposed to notice it |
| privilege is | dominance; unearned entitlement, unearned advantage, conferred dominance; unearned power |
| male superiority | “romantic paternalism” to women |
| oppression | “something pressed is something caught between or among forces and barriers which are so related to each other that jointly they restrain, restrict, or prevent the thing’s motion or mobility” |
| double bind | situations where options are reduced and all options expose one to penalty, censure, or deprivation; damned if you do or don't |
| birdcage metaphor | if you only focus on one wire, you don’t understand why the bird can’t fly out, until you zoom out and see all the wires as a whole |
| symptoms of moral panic | behavior of some members is considered problematic/evil to society and considered to take serious steps to control behavior |
| criteria for moral panic | concern, hostility, consensus, disproportion, volatility |
| Moral panic takes place when 4 territories overlap: | deviance, social problems, collective behavior, social movements |
| (trans) visibility | second glance at bathrooms, when voice doesn’t match others’ expectations, subject to questions/comments about body |
| (trans) invisibility | can walk streets with ease, seen as a man and no one notices or cares |
| normality | complex concept; used in all ways of modern life to manage, measure, and categorize populations |
| Drapetomania | “a condition that caused slaves to run away” |
| Dysaesthesia aethiopis | “resulted in a desire to avoid work and generally to cause mischief”; “rascality” |
| ways suffragists argued for rights | idea that they're better than disabled people; idea that they're made disabled by lack of voting rights |
| immigration law of 1882 | prohibited entry to people considered a “lunatic, idiot", or person unable to take care of themselves w/out becoming public charge |
| act of 1891 | changed it to “likely to become a public charge” to prohibit further, following eugenics movement |
| act of 1907 | denied “mentally or physically defective", “imbeciles”, “feeble-minded”, or deemed unable to make a living wage |
| act of 1924 | instilled quota system based on national origin |
| prejudice | a preconceived judgment or opinion, usually based on limited info |
| internalized oppression | when a member of the stereotyped group internalizes the stereotypical categories about their own group to some degree |
| racism | “a system of advantage based on race”, not just racial prejudice; "prejudice plus power” |
| active racism | blatant, intentional acts of racial bigotry |
| passive racism | laughing when racist jokes told, letting exclusionary hiring practices go unchallenged, avoiding difficult race-based issues |
| passive racism - walking conveyor belt example (all that racism needs to keep going is for business to keep going as usual) | standing still on conveyor belt walkway (still moving even though not walking; walking opposite direction is challenging it) |
| abstract liberalism | explaining racial matters in an abstract, decontextualized manner |
| naturalism | naturalizing racialized outcomes such as neighborhood segregation |
| cultural racism | attributing racial differences to cultural practices |
| minimization of racism | another framework for color-blind racism |
| issues the pandemic highlighted | class and racial inequalities, lack of proper safety net, need for universal health care |
| Biologization of culture | presents culture as immutable and that biology is different between races |
| Chardi kala | “a spirit of revolutionary eternal optimism” |
| immigration myth | “they keep coming” |
| Know-Nothings' slogan | "Americans must rule America" |
| Proposition 187 “save our state” initiative | proposed denial of nonemergency healthcare and public education for undocumented immigrants |
| 1862 Homestead Act | lured European immigration by promising 160 acres of land per person (considered treaty violation by Indigenous) |
| 1882 chinese exclusion act from Congress | legalized xenophobia; racial violence, expelled from cities, interrogations, medical examinations, arrest, deportation, surveillance |
| 1924 Johnson-Reed act | established national-origin quotas, banned Asians |
| border patrol | established 1924, Mass deportation and restriction of rights and immigration during Great Depression |
| why did immigrants come to America? | lured here by promise of jobs, freedom, opportunity |
| benign neglect | border patrol looked other way and let immigrants in when workers were needed |
| Bracero program | 400k mexican men migrated to US for work |
| operation wetback | border patrol targeting undocumented mexican immigrants |
| 1965 Immigration and Nationality act | ended national origins system, replicated immigration inequality, numerical cap on immigration, undocumented workers |
| operation gatekeeper | increased number of border patrol agents and use of surveillance systems |
| levels of power | power over one's own outcomes, within oneself; power over an individual or another person, deliberate or unintentional |
| institutional power | organizational, structural, societal |
| organizational power | power an individual organization has over individuals (rules, policies, etc) |
| structural power | power social organization of society has over individual (employment, housing) |
| societal power | peer cultural bias, stereotypes, norms given to individuals based on social identities |
| discrimination is a cycle example/saying | "last hired, first fired" |
| intersectionality | interlocking identities; mutually constitute relations among social structures and identities |
| intersectionality characteristics | identities are interdependent; focuses on power and privilege (i.e. advantage vs disadvantage, power vs marginalization) |
| subordinates know more about | dominants (taught in schools, surrounded by "superior" viewpoint |
| goal of temporary inequality | to end |
| goal of permanent inequality (by dominants) | to maintain the system, prevent from ending |
| "the Matrix of Domination" | most people consider both high and low societal power, most people don't exist entirely in "higher" category |
| invisibility of privilege | you only notice it when you don't have it |
| gender inequality | biases are often seemingly minor or innocuous but add up over time |
| implicit bias | unintentional discrimination; "stereotypes are the habits of the mind" |
| bias is | action-oriented |
| stereotypes are | mental, cognitive, shared |
| double standard | when something is okay for one group but not another |
| birdcage metaphor (in-class definition) | seemingly inconsequential behaviors won't change trajectory of life if it happens once, but often and in multiple ways forms cage |
| moral panic | episode, condition, person, or group defined as a threat to societal values and interests |
| elements of moral panic | concern (concern for victim), hostility (suitable enemy), consensus (of threat), disproportionate (exaggeration), volatity |
| examples of moral panic | salem witch trials, AIDs epidemic, etc |
| visibility theory | extent to which someone is recognized & regarded accurately & contrasts with being rendered invisible or hypervisible |
| invisibility | lack of recognition, devalued |
| hypervisibility | overly visible, when marginalized groups are seen and perceived as deviant, monitored for wrong-doing, viewed in stereotypes |
| example of invisibility | not taken seriously based on age, gender, etc; science textbooks only showing diagrams of white men |
| example of hypervisibility | victims of hate crimes (ex. CeCe McDonald) |
| invisible disabilities | not visible from outside, leads to false perceptions and judgements |
| ableism is | prejudice and discrimination against people considered disabled by mainstream society |
| ABCs of abelism | attitudes (emotions, affective reactions), behaviors (actions, practices, policies), cognitions (ideologies, stereotypical beliefs) |
| inspiration porn | infantilizing and deriving joy from simple matters; e.g. "aww you can brush your teeth on your own!" |
| who has a disability? | anyone with significant mental or physical impairment impairment which restricts participation in one or more areas |
| models of disability | moral/religious model (places blame individual), medical model (cure and rehabilitation), social model (society is the problem) |
| individual level racism | overt (old-fashioned); implicit (modern; acting unprejudiced while secretly maintaining bias (can be unconscious) |
| implicit psych test | scientific measure/test of people's unconscious thoughts/bias with association |
| institutional racism | established laws, customs, practices that systematically reflect and produce racial inequalities in society |
| active vs passive racism | think of moving sidewalk for passive racism, walking with it for active, walking against for anti |
| discrimination | individual, organized, or structural behavior that disadvantages one group vs another, maintains inequality for marginalized |
| Allport's 5 levels of discrimination | antilocution, avoidance, discrimination, physical attack, extermination |
| antilocution (Allport's level) | verbal prejudice and images, dehumanization |
| avoidance (Allport's level) | prejudiced person creates distance |
| discrimination (Allport's level) | taking action to exclude all members of a social group |
| physical attack (Allport's level) | acts of violence |
| extermination (Allport's level) | lynching, massacre, genocide |
| classism | wealthy people assigned high status whereas poor and working class are stigmatized and disadvantaged bc of lack of wealth |
| top 20% of US class has how much wealth? | 93% |
| meritocracy | ability + effort = success; system that rewards effort, lots of social mobility |
| fundamental attribution error | tendency for people to underestimate situational factors and overestimate internal, dispositional factors on others' behavior |
| belief in a just world | belief that ultimately, people get what they deserve; karma |
| "they keep coming" | immigration myth; US lures migrants here then turns on them when there's no longer work; makes them seem like outsiders |
| AI debate pro | can assist learning and creativity, should be taught how to use, integrate into society, don't fall behind other nations |
| AI debate anti | used to cheat, difficult to think critically and learn on their own, dependence, less confident in their own skills |
Created by:
lector_noche
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