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Unit2Ch.3 - Songhai
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the city of Gao (home to the Songhai people) become a part of the Mali Empire? | While Mansa Musa was on his pilgrimage, his people expanded and captured the city of Gao. They held 2 Songhai princes captive. |
| Who was Ali Kolon and what was his role in Gao? | Ali Kolon was a Songhai prince and he was seen as fierce warrior and natural leader. |
| What did Mansa Musa ask Ali Kolon to do? | Mansa Musa asked Ali Kolon to lead military expeditions. |
| Why were Ali Kolon's expedition unusual? | Each stop in his expeditions, Ali Kolon would hide food and weapons as he got closer to Gao. |
| The integration (merging) of the Gao city led to what for the Mali Empire? | The merging of Gao led to the Mali's decline |
| How did Ali Kolon finally manage to escape? | The weakness of another Mansa (Mali leader) combined with Mali's loose control of Gao led to this. |
| Who was Sunni Ali and what did he contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#1) | Sunni Ali deployed his army and navy to take control of the travel on the Niger River. (#1) |
| Who was Sunni Ali and what did he contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#2) | Under Sunni Ali, the empire took control of the trans-Saharan trade routes that ran through Timbuktu and Djenne. (#2) |
| Who was Sunni Ali and what did he contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#3) | Under Sunni Ali, the empire stretched farther north and east of Africa. (#3) |
| Who was Askia Muhammad | Askia Muhammad was the first Songhai emperor |
| What did Askia Muhammad contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#1) | Askia Muhammad introduced weights and measures for regulating trade, as well as a system for currency. (#1) |
| What did Askia Muhammad contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#2) | Askia Muhammad's conquests created a huge tightly knit empire. (#2) |
| What did Askia Muhammad contribute to the Songhai Empire? (#3) | Askia Muhammad worked to spread Islam in the Songhai Empire. (#3) |
| How did Askia Muhammad spread Islam in his empire? (#1) | Askia Muhammad spread Islam first by going on a pilgrimage to Mecca. (#1) |
| How did Askia Muhammad spread Islam in his empire? (#2) | Askia Muhammad spread Islam by supporting the building of mosques and bringing Arab scholars (#2) |
| How did Askia Muhammad spread Islam in his empire? (#3) | Askia Muhammad spread Islam by replacing Songhai officials with Arab Muslims. (#3) |
| What was the factor that led to Songhai NOT being as successful as the previous empires? | The Songhai Empire's expansion was thwarted by the Portuguese fleet as they were established near the West African gold mines |
| Why did new routes across the Mediterranean (sea) pose a threat to trans-Saharan (desert) trade? | They posed a threat because traveling and trading through the sea routes were faster than caravans traveling through the desert. |
| Why was having control of Timbuktu considered a PRIZE for the Songhai Empire? | Timbuktu was the central trade center and a center for cultural exchange. |
| How did Askia Muhammad create the political structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#1) | Askia Muhammad created a centralized government and self-governing provinces. (#1) |
| How did Askia Muhammad create the political structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#2) | Askia Muhammad created an imperial council (#2) |
| How did Askia Muhammad create the political structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#3) | Askia Muhammad assigned the government and council to his relatives. (#3) |
| What was the social structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#1) | The kings and nobility were at the top (#1) |
| What was the social structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#2) | The second level held the soldiers, merchants, and traders (people who work for the empire). (#2) |
| What was the social structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#3) | The third level held the farmers and the craftspeople (people who work for their own profit). (#3) |
| What was the social structure (government) of the Songhai Empire? (#4) | The last level held the enslaved people (#4) |
| What was similar about ALL 3 empires? | All 3 empires had the king/nobility were at the top, the working people were all in the middle, and enslaved people were at the bottom. |
| How did the Songhai Empire decline (#1) | Internal conflict, drought, and disease |
| How did the Songhai Empire decline (#2) | Rivals wanted control of trade routes: Morocco's leader, Al Mansur, conquered Timbuktu |
| How did the Songhai Empire decline (#3) | While Morocco never got Timbuktu, they never conquered Songhai entirely. It broke apart into smaller kingdoms |
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