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AMYLOIDOSIS

TermDefinition
What is AMYLOIDOSIS? Accumulation of extracellular deposit of Cross Beta-pleated fibrillar proteins.
What stain is use for AMYLOIDOSIS? Congo Red
How does the AMYLOIDOSIS appearance? Amorphous, eosinophilia, hyaline and extracellular substance.
What colour occurs with polarized light, when AMYLOIDOSIS is present? apple-green colour/birefringence
What are the systemic or generalized types of Amyloidosis? 1. Primary amyloidosis: --> AL (Amyloid light chain) type 2. Secondary or Reactive systemic amyloidosis --> AA (amyloid associated) type 3. Hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis
What type of tumor is Primary amyloidosis associated with? Plasma cell Tumors --> Multiple myeloma and B- lymphoproliferative diseases like B-cell lymphoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma and Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia.
What is the cause of primary amyloidosis? Clonal expansion of the bone marrow plasma cells --> Immunoglobulin light chains, that is, kappa/lambda light chains.
What is the cause of secondary/reactive amyloidosis? Elevated level of acute-phase protein --> leads to the increase serum amyloid A proteins
What cause the elevated level of acute-phase protein? Increase levels of IL-1 and IL-6.
What cause the body to be in an inflammatory state during secondary amyloidosis? SAA--> Serum Amyloid A protein
What is secondary amyloidosis initially associated with regards to organs? Kidneys. Results in proteinuria followed by progressive renal dysfunction--> nephrotic syndrome.
What is the cause of Hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis? Long term hemodialysis/ End stage renal disease --> leads to elevated Beta 2 - microglobulin
Where does amyloid deposit (Hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis)? synovial joint or bones Cause carpal tunnel syndrome.
Created by: Jameel D. Wilson
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