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Sect./Civil War

AHG 503B

QuestionAnswer
What kind of emancipation did Congressman Tallmadge want for the Missouri Territory? James Tallmadge of NY proposed an amendment that would forbid importation of slaves and would bring about the ultimate emancipation of all slaves born in Missouri. This amendment passed the House but not the Senate. very bitter debate
What compromise did Congress work out to appease both the advocates of freedom and slavery? (Missouri Compromise, 1820) To keep free/slave state Congressional representation equal, Maine w/Missouri come into the union with slavery prohibited from then on in territories north of Missouri's southern border.
Did the Missouri Compromise (1820) solve or postpone the ultimate resolution of the slavery controversy? The 36°30' proviso (No slavery N of MO Southern border, except MO.) held until 1854, when the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise. (postponed)
What is Calhoun's theory of Constitutional Government? concurrent majority- required a concurrent majority of the legislatures of each state in addition to the federal legislature to assent to a law for it to have nation-wide effect. Concurrent majority- intended to prevent (tyranny of the majority) that can
What is the doctrine of nullification, and how was it employed in the 1828-1833 period? The doctrine, which essentially said that any state might declare specific federal laws void within the borders of the state, required a concurrent majority of the legislatures of each state in addition to the federal legislature to assent to a law
What was the federal governments response to the nullification crisis? Jackson- Proclamation Regarding Nullification in which Jackson completely disagrees with SC's right to nullify a law Force Act of 1833- Fed. gov. has right to use force to make SC comply
Regarding the abolition of slavery, what was William Lloyd Garrison's goal and how did he seek to achieve it? Garrison advocated the total manumission of all slaves and protection of them by the gov. He also believed slaves should be paid for their loss, not Southerners. Argued for immediate political/social equality for slaves.
What was Garrison's view of the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution, and how did this reflect his understanding of politics? Garrison saw the DoI and Const. as hypocrisy and all governments as unjustified since the only true gov. was that of Jesus Christ, God, etc. He believed followers should live peacefully and not follow government, but demand manumission with peace.
Why did Lincoln believe abolitionism posed a threat so self-government? Lincoln believed abolitionism posed a threat to the union based his belief that mob rule subverted gov. and the Constitution. And, he believed Slavery should be allowed to die a natural death (free states should leave slave states alone)
How did Lincoln believe the antislavery cause should be promoted? He believed it letting the slavery of the slave states alone and let it die a natural death, but not allowing slavery to be established in new places.
What is Calhoun's critique of the American founding? Calhoun critiques the major presumptions and convictions upon which the American political order was founded, including consent of the governed, equality, liberty, community, public virtue and private vice, reflection and choice, accident and force.
What is the "positive good" theory of slavery? I hold it to be a good. I appeal to facts. Never before has the black race of Central Africa, from the dawn of history to the present day, attained a condition so civilized and so improved, not only physically, but morally and intellectually
What restriction did Congressman Wilmot ask for regarding any territory acquired from Mexico? Did Lincoln support the war against Mexico? No slavery in any territory gained from Mexico, No, Lincoln did NOT support the war against Mexico.
How did the acquisition of territory exacerbate the slavery controversy? As more territory is added, a decision regarding whether the new territory is pro or anti slavery must be made. This exacerbated the controversy.
What were the various measures of the 1850 Compromise? California admitted as free state. Slave TRADE abolished in DC. Territory of NM (and AZ) and UT were organized under pop. sov. Fugitive Slave Act was passed-U.S. citizens to assist return of runaway slaves. Texas gave up western land to get $ to pay debts
What did antislavery advocates not like about the Compromise of 1850? a stronger Fugitive Slave Act, which in practice outraged Northern public opinion; and preservation of slavery in the national capital, although the slave trade was banned there except in the portion of the District of Columbia that rejoined Virginia.
What did proslavery advocates not like about he Compromise of 1850? The South did not receive desired Pacific territory in Southern California or a guarantee of slavery south of a territorial compromise line like the Missouri Compromise Line or the 35th parallel north.
What doctrine did Stephen Douglas claim was endorsed by the Compromise, and why did he think it was consistent with the intentions of the Founding Fathers? He believed PS endorsed by Founders-Americans substituted the S in the person of King George III, with a collective sovereign—made of the ppl. So, American revolutionaries agreed and were committed to the principle that govt.'s were legit only by S of ppl
What were the key provisions of the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act? -Organized KS/NE territories -repealed Missouri Compromise of 1820, which prohibited slavery's expansion into the territories NW of the border between AR and MO -residents of the KS and NE territories decide whether to enter Union as free or slave
What reasons did Douglas give to show that the 1854 Act was not a departure from previous federal actions towards slavery in the territories? Illinois did have slavery, because Ord 1787 not enforced -12 of 13 states had slavery after independence, but 6 states prohibited it by will of the people (popular sovereignty) It was not prohibited by the federal gov., but by those 6 states.
What reasons did Lincoln give to show that the 1854 Act was a departure from previous federal actions towards slavery in the territories? Lincoln criticized PS, asking how it was that this idea could supersede the famed NW Ordinance and the Missouri Compromise. He invoked TJ, as he contended that the Sage of Monticello had begun the restriction of slavery with NW Ordinance's prohibition
What is the history of the Dred Scott case? Dred Scott, a slave of an Army family, sues for his freedom based on the argument that he couldn't be held a slave due to his presence/residence in a free state. (Argued the same for his wife, and that his child was free, since born in free territory.)
What are the major arguments in Chief Justice Taney's opinion in Dred Scott? -ppl of Afr. descent brought into US & held as slaves,or descendants,whether or not slaves-were not protected by Const./could nvr be US citiz.-that the Congress couldn't prohib. slvry in fed.terr.-since slvs property,can't be taken from mstr w/out due pro
What is Lincoln's response to the Dred Scott decision? argues against decision "lacked authority, falsified history, denied legal public expectations, and thus was exposed to opposition." -believed the ppl could get the Court to reverse. Does not believe TJ wanted spread of slavery based on NW Ord. of 1787.
How do Lincoln and Douglas try to portray each other as extremists? Lincoln portrayed Douglas as wanting to nationalize slavery by his support of DS decision and PS. Douglas portrayed Lincoln as a "Black Republican" and extreme abolitionist.
What is Lincoln's moral objection to Douglas's "popular sovereignty" doctrine? "if 1 man chooses to make a slave of another man, neither that other man nor anybody else has a right to object." "A living, creeping lie"D's indifference to slvry would lead to its ntionalztion,-D's anti-black rhetoric preparing public mind by deh slvs
Is Douglas correct that "popular sovereignty" has always been the way Americans settled the question of slavery? No, founders only allowed for it to keep the South's support in war and Union. Jefferson/others hope it would die without spreading and set up NW ordinance to prohibit spread of slavery...
Does Lincoln argue for immediate political and social equality for blacks? No, he argues for colonization. In his last speech, Lincoln argued for extending voting rights to blacks who fought for the Union...
1858 Lincoln-Douglas debates http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_Debates_of_1858
How does Lincoln explain the connection between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution? he wrote after the 1860 pres. election that the Cnstutn and union were informed by the ideals of the DoI. He wrote that while America's prosperity was dependent upon the union of the states, "the primary cause" was the principle of "Liberty to all."
How does Lincoln defend the Republican Party from Southern criticisms? (1860) See Cooper Institute Speech...
How did the two Democratic Party platforms (1860 election) differ from each other, and, did they agree on any principles or policy proposals? agree-Cuba, RR to Pacific, against state leg. subverting fed. Fugitive Slave Laws Diff- Douglas- Supreme Court DS slavery decision supported, protection of all citizens including immigrants rights Breckinridge- PS to solve slavery question in new terr.
What were the main differences between the Republican party platform and the other party platforms?
What primary reasons did the Constitutional Union Party give for entering the national election (1860) against the Republican and Democratic Parties?
What were Lincoln's chief concerns or priorities as a Republican nominee for president in 1860?
What reasons did Southern secession commissioners give for secession?
What reasons did Alexander Stephens give in defense of the Confederacy?
What was Lincoln's understanding of the American union, self-government, and secession as the incoming president of the United States?
Given that the Confederate Constitution was based on the U.S. Constitution, how did its changes reflect the central concerns of the Confederate States?
What is Lincoln's political strategy between his election and his inauguration?
What challenges does Lincoln face as he assumes office?
What are the major arguments of Lincoln's First Inaugural Address?
What religious, moral, political, social, and economic arguments are advanced in defense of slavery? -Abolitionists= new religion purporting to have better morals than than "our savior"-no landless wanderers, always a lower class, and higher class "citizens" -prevents Northern wage slavery- immigrants,-provides protection in old age Col. 4:1- Bible
Created by: cmays
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