Question 1

Song Dynasty

Accepted Answer

Ruled China from 960-1279 
Was the leading example of diversity and innovation in Afro-Eurasia. China enjoyed great wealth, political stability, fine art and intellectual achievements.

Question 2

Bureaucracy

Accepted Answer

an vast organization in which appointed officials carried out the empires policies. Under the Song, China's bureaucracy expanded

Question 3

Civil Service Exams

Accepted Answer

administered tests for the purpose of selecting candidates for the states bureaucracy. These tests were based on the knowledge of Confucian texts. .

Question 4

Meritocracy

Accepted Answer

a system by which bureaucratic position's or officials obtained their position by demonstrating (earning) their merit. This allowed for more upward mobility than any other hiring system of its time.

Question 5

Grand Canal

Accepted Answer

an efficient internal waterway transportation system that extended over 30,000 miles. The canal made Song China the populous trading area in the world.

Question 6

Gunpowder

Accepted Answer

a technology invented in China. This technology spread throughout the world.

Question 7

Champa Rice

Accepted Answer

a fast ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa Kingdom in present day Vietnam. 
This allowed for farming to spread to lands where once rice could not grow.

Question 8

Proto-Industrialization

Accepted Answer

A set of economic changes in which people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell. This relied more on home-based or community-based production using simple equipment.

Question 9

Artisans

Accepted Answer

Skilled craft people. They produced silk, porcelains which both travel well because of their light weight.

Question 10

Tributary System

Accepted Answer

an arrangement in which other states had to pay money or provide goods to honor the Chinese  emperor. This allowed China to maintain strict control its foreign states.

Question 11

kowtow

Accepted Answer

a ritual in which anyone greeting the Chinese emperor must bow his or her head until it reached the floor. The word literally means "knock head" It often reflected the Confucian hierarchy.

Question 12

Foot-binding

Accepted Answer

a practice that solidified a woman's place within the home and within society. A practice to break and restrict the bones in a young girls foot with the intention to create smaller feet.

Question 13

Buddhism

Accepted Answer

A religion and philosophy originating in India, focusing on the path to enlightenment through practices such as meditation and ethical living

Question 14

Neo-Confucianism

Accepted Answer

A revival of Confucian thought during the Song Dynasty, blending Confucian ethics with Buddhist and Daoist elements

Question 15

Hinduism

Accepted Answer

A major religion originating in India, characterized by a diversity of beliefs and practices, including concepts like dharma, karma, and moksha.

Question 16

Islam

Accepted Answer

A monotheistic religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad, emphasizing submission to the will of Allah and the Five Pillars of Islam

Question 17

Delhi Sultanate

Accepted Answer

A series of Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of India from the 13th to the 16th centuries, contributing to cultural and architectural developments.

Question 18

Bhakti Movement

Accepted Answer

A devotional movement within Hinduism that emphasized personal devotion to a deity, promoting social equality and the rejection of caste distinctions.

Question 19

House of Wisdom

Accepted Answer

a renowned center for learning.  Located in Baghdad under the Abbasid Empire

Question 20

Mamluks

Accepted Answer

enslaved people who were frequently ethnic Turks from Central Asia. Mamluks seized control of the government in Egypt and established the Mamluk Sultanate (1250-1517(

Question 21

Seljuk Turks

Accepted Answer

from Central Asia. They challenged the Abbasids and began conquering parts of the Middle East

Question 22

Abbasid Caliphate

Accepted Answer

led by the Arabs and Persians

Question 23

Srivijaya

Accepted Answer

A powerful maritime empire that controlled trade routes in Southeast Asia from the 7th to the 13th centuries, known for its role in the spread of Buddhism

Question 24

Majapahit

Accepted Answer

A significant empire in Southeast Asia (1293–1527) centered in present-day Indonesia, known for its trade network and cultural influence across the region.

Question 25

Chola Dynasty

Accepted Answer

A Tamil dynasty that ruled Southern India from the 9th to the 13th centuries, known for its naval strength, cultural achievements, and temple architecture

Question 26

Sufism

Accepted Answer

A mystical branch of Islam that emphasizes personal experience of God and seeks to achieve closeness to the divine through practices like meditation and poetry

Question 27

Sultan

Accepted Answer

A title for Muslim rulers, particularly in South Asia, often used to denote sovereign authority in Islamic states.

Question 28

Cultural Syncretism

Accepted Answer

The blending of different religious and cultural traditions, often seen in regions where Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam intersected.

UNIT 1 (Part I)

AP World History Modern - UNIT 1

Term	Definition
Song Dynasty	Ruled China from 960-1279 Was the leading example of diversity and innovation in Afro-Eurasia. China enjoyed great wealth, political stability, fine art and intellectual achievements.
Bureaucracy	an vast organization in which appointed officials carried out the empires policies. Under the Song, China's bureaucracy expanded
Civil Service Exams	administered tests for the purpose of selecting candidates for the states bureaucracy. These tests were based on the knowledge of Confucian texts. .
Meritocracy	a system by which bureaucratic position's or officials obtained their position by demonstrating (earning) their merit. This allowed for more upward mobility than any other hiring system of its time.
Grand Canal	an efficient internal waterway transportation system that extended over 30,000 miles. The canal made Song China the populous trading area in the world.
Gunpowder	a technology invented in China. This technology spread throughout the world.
Champa Rice	a fast ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa Kingdom in present day Vietnam. This allowed for farming to spread to lands where once rice could not grow.
Proto-Industrialization	A set of economic changes in which people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell. This relied more on home-based or community-based production using simple equipment.
Artisans	Skilled craft people. They produced silk, porcelains which both travel well because of their light weight.
Tributary System	an arrangement in which other states had to pay money or provide goods to honor the Chinese emperor. This allowed China to maintain strict control its foreign states.
kowtow	a ritual in which anyone greeting the Chinese emperor must bow his or her head until it reached the floor. The word literally means "knock head" It often reflected the Confucian hierarchy.
Foot-binding	a practice that solidified a woman's place within the home and within society. A practice to break and restrict the bones in a young girls foot with the intention to create smaller feet.
Buddhism	A religion and philosophy originating in India, focusing on the path to enlightenment through practices such as meditation and ethical living
Neo-Confucianism	A revival of Confucian thought during the Song Dynasty, blending Confucian ethics with Buddhist and Daoist elements
Hinduism	A major religion originating in India, characterized by a diversity of beliefs and practices, including concepts like dharma, karma, and moksha.
Islam	A monotheistic religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad, emphasizing submission to the will of Allah and the Five Pillars of Islam
Delhi Sultanate	A series of Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of India from the 13th to the 16th centuries, contributing to cultural and architectural developments.
Bhakti Movement	A devotional movement within Hinduism that emphasized personal devotion to a deity, promoting social equality and the rejection of caste distinctions.
House of Wisdom	a renowned center for learning. Located in Baghdad under the Abbasid Empire
Mamluks	enslaved people who were frequently ethnic Turks from Central Asia. Mamluks seized control of the government in Egypt and established the Mamluk Sultanate (1250-1517(
Seljuk Turks	from Central Asia. They challenged the Abbasids and began conquering parts of the Middle East
Abbasid Caliphate	led by the Arabs and Persians
Srivijaya	A powerful maritime empire that controlled trade routes in Southeast Asia from the 7th to the 13th centuries, known for its role in the spread of Buddhism
Majapahit	A significant empire in Southeast Asia (1293–1527) centered in present-day Indonesia, known for its trade network and cultural influence across the region.
Chola Dynasty	A Tamil dynasty that ruled Southern India from the 9th to the 13th centuries, known for its naval strength, cultural achievements, and temple architecture
Sufism	A mystical branch of Islam that emphasizes personal experience of God and seeks to achieve closeness to the divine through practices like meditation and poetry
Sultan	A title for Muslim rulers, particularly in South Asia, often used to denote sovereign authority in Islamic states.
Cultural Syncretism	The blending of different religious and cultural traditions, often seen in regions where Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam intersected.

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