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Midterm Review
US History Standards 1-14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism | Economic theory of wealth- Raw Goods to Manufactured Goods |
| Trans-Atlantic Trade | Trade across the ocean |
| Navigation Acts | Only British ship, ports, and colonies---Control of trade |
| Southern Colonies | founded-for money/profit---people-Rolfe/Smith---geography-rivers, long growing season, hot, fertile soil--Key place-Jamestown, VA---Relationship-okay then BAD----people-Powhatan----Money-Cash crops |
| New England Colonies | founded-religion---people-Puritans/Pilgrams---geography-rocky soil, cold, short growing period----place-Mass---relationship-BAD---people-King Phillip---Money-trade and using natural resources |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | founded-trade/religion---people-William Penn---geography-medium growing period, fertile soil, mild climate, deep harbors---relationship-GOOD---money-trade and farming (wheat)--places:PA/NY |
| Religious Groups | Puritans-Moved to MASS for religious freedom---Quakers-Moved to PENN for religious freedom----Mid-Atlantic colonies most diverse |
| Middle Passage | bottom part of Trans-Atlantic triangle where enslaved people were---cultures blended through culture and food |
| Salutary Neglect | where Britian ignored the colonies and didn't enforce laws as long as they got money---- they were able to self-govern without England telling them what to do |
| Great Awakening | religious revival---they challenged authory of church leaders and government leaders |
| French and Indian War/ToP 1763 | Causes-colonist invading French land (Ohio River Valley)---effect-won land and gained a lot of debt---terms-Britian won land to MS River and Canada |
| Proclamation-Stamp Act-Intolerable Acts | Proc-NO PASS line along the APP Mt--S.A.-Tax on paper goods---Slogan-No Taxation without Representation---I.A-Series of laws passed after the Boston Tea Party/Punishment---4 things: Close Boston Harbor,Quartering,Officials to Eng; Under Direct Rule |
| Daughters/Sons of Liberty-Committees of Correspondence | DoL-Female group/peaceful boycots/homespun goods---SoL-Male group-voilent/Boston Tea Party---CoC-letters shared throughout the colonies/unity |
| Common Sense | Author-Thomas Paine---Audience-Colonist---Purpose-to explain why we should fight for independence---Effect-Colonist want to fight |
| Declaration of Independence-Intellectual Sources | Philosopher-John Locke---Born with certain rights---agreement to give up rights to get rights |
| Declaration of Independence-Organization/Purpose/Writers | Preamble-overview of why we want independence---List-What Britian has done to us---Con.-What we have done to try and fix the relationship----Purpose-Break up Letter--Group-Committee of 5---Main-T. Jefferson |
| Alliances | French-Franklin---secured-Saratoga (Franco-American Treaty)--- Supplies/troops---Dutch-J. Adams--help-Money |
| George Washington-Steuben-Lafeyette-Valley Forge | GW-Force of personality and stayed with troops---Steuben-Prussian/organized troops and created a training program---Lafayette-French/trained and led troops---V.F.-vital training period for the Contiential Army |
| American Revolutionary Battles | Trenton-people-G. Washington--Geo-Delaware River--Imp-Moral boost---Saratoga-People-Gates--Geo-high ground on Hudson River--Imp-french alliance---Yorktown-GW/Steuden/Lafeyatte-Geo-on coast-Imp-last battle |
| Roles | N. Americans-Guides on both sides---Women-spies/support---Black-soldiers---Gained-Wanted rights and freedom--successful-Nope |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | people-Jefferson-Adams-Jay---Provisions- US a country-All land to MS River-can set up government |
| Articles of Confederation | 1st Government-WEAK- all power to the States |
| Land Ordinance/Northwest Ordinance/West | Land-divided land/public education---Northwest-new states NO slavery----West- easier to move and cheap land. |
| Weaknesses of AOC | weaknesses-No Tax-No Trade-1 Branch---Shay's-Farmers couldnt pay MA tax so they rebelled and government could not stop it (CRISIS)---- lead to-Founding Fathers called to change/fix Articales but wrote Constitution |
| Great Compromise-3/5th-power | G.C.-Va plan-based on population-NJ plan-equal representation--GC-put together to make Leg. Branch---3/5th-counting enslaved ppl in population----Sep of Powers-Separating powers into 3 branches--Federalism--dividing power between state & federal govt |
| Federalist/Anti-Federatlist | Fed-wanted strong central/federal government-- Hamilton/Madison/Jay--Anti-wanted state strong government or a Bill of Rights added to Constitution |
| Federalist Papers/Bill of Rights | F.P.-series of articles that argue importants of Constitution--authors-Hamilton/Madison/Jay--Support Ratification---1st 10 Amendments to Constitution-protects basic rights---Anti-Federalist wanted them |
| Washington's presidency | prec-acts based of past action--Mr Pres./cabinet/2 terms/enfoce laws--WR-rebellion about taxes-Washington put down--No political parties/No foreign alliances |
| Adams's presidency | Alien-immigration---Sedition-arresting for criticizing governements (against civil rights)--caused Adams to lose election |
| Federalist vs Demo-Repubs | Federalist-Adams/Hamilton--cities--manufaturing--loose--Demo-Repubs--Jefferson/Madison--farmers--agriculture--strict |
| Jefferson's presidency | LA-purchase of land (middle of US)--against belief-went against strict constitutional interpretation |
| Madison's presidency | War of 1812 Causes- Impressment/trade restrictions/guns to natives---Effects-Repect/Nationalism |
| Monroe's presidency | Monrow Doc-Europe stay out of North and South America--We protect Western Hemisphere and stay neutral in Eurpean affairs |
| Jackson's presidency | Jacksonian-Weak congress/strong president---Common Man- all white men-voting---political party-Democrats--Nullification-cancel federal laws--Indian Rem.-Trail of Tears/forced removal of Southern Native Americans--Cher.-by federal force after court case |
| Henry Clay | factors-water/steam power-industrial improvements/tariffs/trains---steamboats/trains---Am.System-building roads (transportation)&factories---Protective Tariffs/infastructure/National Bank---political party-Whigs |
| Parties-Democrats/Whigs | Demo-A. Jackson--farmers-Southern--No support-didn't like ----Whigs-H. Clay--factories/city ppl--supported tariffs--wanted to reestablish Nat'l bank |
| 2nd Great Awakening | key word-religion--temp-no alcohol (against drinking)--edu-all kids learning (free) not working--suffrage-voting--Seneca--womens rights convention---women-led movements |
| Abolitionist | abolitionist-movenment against slavery (F. Douglass/W.L.Garrison)---Nat T.-failed slave rebellion caused VA to strengthen slave codes |
| MO Compromise | ME (Maine)=FREE, MO (Missouri)=Slave, no slavery above the 36'30 line |
| Manifest Destiny | belief that Americans have the right to move west. (Manifest to the West)---- Polk- Mexican Cession & Oregon--He pushed to expand |
| Mexican American War | Cause-dispute over Texas border---effects-we won and bought Mexican Cession---new states came in (most free) |
| Compromise of 1850 | North-CA is Free, No slave trade in DC--South-Fugtive Slave Act, voting on slave/free---Pop Sov- voting (free or slave states) |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | elements-states go to vote(pop sov)/overturned-MO Comp---BleedingK-fought over voting/fail--J. Brown-abolitionist/Harpers Ferry/N=matyr,S=terrorist |
| Dred Scott/Election 1860 | Enslaved person (N.O. Territory) who sued for freedom--impact-couldnt sue/free-not citizens and didnt have rights----Lincoln won--South Carolina succeed |
| North vs South | North-Railroads, Factories, People, & Food----South-Leaders, will to fight |
| Lincoln | habeas corpus-put Southern Simps in jail w/o a trial (in MD)--Emancipation Proc-free all slaves in the South/stop England from helping South---Gettysburg Address-moral boost/North Keep going---2nd Inaugral Address-Forgive South and end slavery |
| Leaders of CW | Davis-CSA (South)-President---Grant-USA (North)-main General/total war---Lee-CSA (South)-main General---Sherman-USA (North)-general that burns ATL---Stonewall-CSA (South)--dies causing South to start loosing |
| CW Battles | Fort Sumter-first battle/Coast/starts war Antietiam-1 day battle/MD-creek bed/Empan. Proclamation Vicksburg-Control MS River/MS River/cuts South 1/2 Gettysburg-Northern battle-deadist battle/hills/push South down ATL-Manufacturing hub/Mt/ended war |
| Reconstruction/Lincoln/Johnson | South-lenient on South--leaders-Lincoln/Johnson--Plan: 10% South-harsh on South--Leaders-Republicans--Plan: 50% assassination: Johnson takes over impeached: Tenure of Office Act/aqquitted |
| Freedmans Bureau | Helps newly freed people adjust to freedom (basic needs)--successful: yes but ended with Reconstruction |
| 13-14-15 | 13th- ends slavery (FREE)/14th-citizenship and due process (CITIZEN)/15th-men voting rights (VOTE) |
| Black Codes/KKK | Black Codes-rasist slave laws to keep black ppl in virtual slavery hinder-stopped black people from using rights KKK-veteran club created to oppress black people and stop them from using rights hinder-fear tactics |
| Hayes (Compromise of 1877) | Election-Hayes Compromise of 1877-Ends Reconstruction and puts Southerns in Hayes' Presidential Cabinet |
| Railraods | steel-trains and tracks made of steel---tracks were built to reach oil fields |
| Robber Barons & Monopolies | Rockefeller-Oil/Standard Oil Trust/vertical intergration-- Carnegie-Steel/Carnegie Steel/Hortizontal intergration-- trust-gaining all companies in the same field-- monopolies-controlling all aspects of a field like Oil or Steel |
| Inventions | Telegraph-Morris/connected businesses/allowed ppl to talk faster Telephone-Bell/faster connections/more efficient communication Lightbulb-Edison/longer hours/created a safer way to see-longer working hours |
| Immigration | Ellis-Immigration on East Coast for Europeans-- Angel-Immigration on West Coast for Asians-- economy-more goods needed--politics-Nativst movement--culture-blending cultures due to new influences |
| Labor Unions | Formed-to fight for workers rights---tactics-collective bargaining & strikes---changed laws---Leader: S. Gompers/Members: factory workers/tactics: collective barg. |
| Transcontiential Railroad | East: Irish/West: Chinese---signify: end of Manifest Destiny |
| Population in West | Homestead Act: free land/ plows, windmills, & barb wire |
| Plains Indians | How: fought back (Great Sioux War)--Cons.-pushed to Reservations and buffalo killed---LBH-Sioux won---Army-punished Natives by restricting food---Wounded Knee-Massacure of 300 Natives at religious meeting---Sitting Bull |
| Muckrakers | Upton Sinclair-The Jungle-Food and Drug Act--- Ida Tarbell-Standard Oil-Sherman Anti-Trust Act--- Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lives-housing codes and sanitation--- Jane Addams-Hull House-basic needs for immigrants |
| Women | Temperance, sanitation, education, anti-racism, suffrage----more education and opportunities |
| Plessy v Ferguson | Separate but Equal (Plessy lost)---made Jim Crow laws legal---NAACP-founded to fight Jim Crow laws legally/WEB Dubois |
| Progressive Refoms | Initiative-petitions/suggesting laws---Referenum-forcing a vote---recall-remove officals---17th-direct election of Senators |
| Imperialism/Spanish-American War | taking land for colonies--causes-Cuba/USS Maine/Yellow Journalism---effects-PGP (Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines)---they fought and lost--Hawaii-we wanted location and trade--Russia---Social Darwinism (spread Demo)---against Founding principles |
| Roosevelt | R. Corollary-expands Monroe Doc-no loans to Central and South America---Teddy Roosevelt/Speak Softy and Carry a Big Stick/Haiti---Panama Canal-Connected oceans and allowed US to control flow of traffic. |
Created by:
sdevans
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