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chapter 12
American History cp:chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 13th Amendment | abolished slavery. |
| Reconstruction | The period, during which the US began to rebuild after the Civil War, lasted from 1865-1877. Lincoln and Johnson wished to make the South’s return to the union as quick and easy as possible. |
| Ten-Percent Plan | The government would pardon all Confederates – except high-ranking Confederate officials and those accused of crimes against prisoners of war - who would swear allegiance to the Union |
| Radical Republicans | who wanted to destroy the political power of former slaveholders, also wanted the African-Americans the right to vote. |
| Thaddeus Stevens | A Pennsylvania congressional leader of the Radical Republicans. |
| Wade-Davis Bill | proposed that Congress was responsible for the Reconstruction, not the president. |
| Andrew Johnson | took office after Lincoln was killed. His own plan for Reconstruction was aimed to punish the Confederate leaders.It also had very little support for the freed men and never went into effect because Congress passed its own program first. |
| Freedmen’s Bureau | established by Congress in the last month of the war assisted former slaves and poor whites in the South by distributing clothing and food. It also set up more than 40 hospitals and about 4,000 schools, 61 industrial institutes.johnson vetos it |
| Black codes | laws that kept freemen in an economically dependent and legally inferior status. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | gave African American citizenship and forbade states from passing discriminatory laws – black codes – that severely restricted their lives and denied them equal rights. Johnson vetoed this! |
| congressional reconstruction | because of what Johnson was doing, Congress took over. They overrode Johnson’s veto on both. |
| 14th Amendment | all persons born or naturalized in the US were entitled to equal protection of the law and to provide a constitutional basis for the Civil Rights Act of 1866. It gave citizenship to the former slaves. |
| Reconstruction Act of 1867 | Now voters in the state districts (including blacks) would elect delegates to draft a new constitution. They had to ratify the 14th Amendment to be readmitted into the Union. |
| Impeach | to formally charge with misconduct. President Johnson was impeached due to a power struggle with Congress over Reconstruction. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | elected 18th president in 1868. Served 2 terms, but scandals ended his chances at a 3rd term. |
| 15th Amendment | stated that no one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement. |
| Robert G. Fitzgerald | teacher who worked for the Freedmen’s Bureau |
| Hiram Revels | the first African-American US senator. |
| Sharecropping | landowners divided their land and gave each worker, either freed African American or poor whites, a few acres along with seed and tools.It kept formerly enslaved people for economic dependence. |
| Ku Klux Klan | Founded by Nathan Bedford Forest.Some bitter Southern whites relied on violence and terror tactics to keep African American from participating in politics.Many new chapters turned into violent terrorist organizations. |
| The Elephant | a symbol of the Republican Party. In the South the Freedmen were the ones voting for the Republican Party. |
| The Donkey | a symbol of the Democratic Party. |
| Redemption | the Southern states had been under Republican leadership for 12 years, but the Democrats recaptured the state governments in most Southern states, they returned to power, and the congressional Reconstruction came to an end. |
| Election of 1876 | Rutherford B. Hayes vs. Samuel J. Tilden. Tilden won the popular vote, but fell one short of the number of electoral votes needed to win the election. |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | President who lost the popular vote, but won the electoral vote and became the 19th president. |
| Compromise of 1877 | the 3 terms of the Compromise said Democrats would accept Hayes as president if: 1. Withdraw federal troops from LA and SC 2. More money to build a RR and improve southern roads and bridges 3. a conservative Southern appointment in Hayes cabinet. |
| Home rule | a state government that is run without federal intervention |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws that placed major restrictions on the African American rights in the South after the Reconstruction ended in 1877. |
Created by:
brianprashad
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