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Bibl Test #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Writing Materials | - papyrus-plant - parchment-sheep skin - paper |
| Form of the NT | -scroll -codex-book |
| Language of the NT | - Aramaic-spoken - Greek-koine |
| Grouping | - Narrative-gospels & acts - Letters-21 books - Apocalyptic-Revelation |
| Canon Principles | - authorship - inspo-"breath of God" - makes sense-intellectual - accepted by everyone |
| Canon History | - 1st century-books were written - 4th century-accepted into the canon |
| The Text of the NT | -variants-words get moved around -evidence for text found in Greek manuscripts & patristics(church fathers) |
| Interbiblical Period | time period b/t the OT and NT |
| Interbiblical Characteristics | - rise of Judaism - hebrew to greek - political changes - religious organizations developed - doctrinal development |
| Interbiblical Sources | - Bible - archaeology - national histories - dead sea scrolls - Josephus - Apocrypha-hidden books |
| 587 BC | Jerusalem destroyed |
| Babylonian Period | - deport of Hebrews - Jerusalem destroyed (587) - physically better in Babylon than Judah - new religion & capital - Nebo & Bell-Babylon gods |
| Nebuchaduezzar | -deportations of Hebrews - destruction of Jerusalem (587) |
| Nabonidus & Belshazzar | - co. kings - Nebo & Bell-gods |
| Persian Period | - 1st, 2nd, & 3rd return - Temple completed-516 |
| Cyrus | - medo-persian king - Yahweh's "anointed" - 1st return |
| Darius I | - Haggai & Zechariah-gave message to finish the Temple - Temple completed-516-went 70yrs w/o the Temple |
| Persian Period Religious Significance | - got rid of idolatry - fervor(crazy) for the Law of Moses - doctrinal developments |
| 1st Return | - led by Zerubbabel - foundation of Temple - Samaritans-half Hebrew & half other |
| 2nd Return | - led by Ezra - scribe & priest - dissolved mixed marriages |
| 3rd Return | - led by Nehemiah - rebuilt Jerusalem wall in 52 days - public reading of Law by Ezra |
| Greek Period | - Alexander the Great-defeated Persians @ Issus - Diadochi - Ptolemaic Dynasty - Seleucid Dynasty |
| Diadochi | - 7 ruling generals - divided kingdom into 4 parts |
| Ptolemaic Dynasty | - 19 rulers total - Ptolemy I -Ptolemy II |
| Seleucid Dynasty | - Antiochus III - Seleucus IV - Antiochus IV Epiphanes |
| Antiochus III | - when control went to the Seleucids from the Ptolemies |
| Selencus IV | - Hebrews start being messed with |
| Antiochus IV Epiphanes "apperence of God" | - increased taxes upon Jews - instituted a state religion - desecrated the Temple-made unholy - Jews didn't go to the Temple for 3yrs |
| Greek Religious Significance | - dispersion of Jews - importance of Priesthood - hellenism-greek culture |
| Maccabean Period | - they were Hebrews - cleansed Temple - independence from Syria - rise of religious parties |
| Judas | - victory over Seleucids - cleased/rededicated the Temple |
| Simon | - independence from Syria - coinage by new gov. |
| John Hyrcanus | - rise of religious parties in the 2nd century -ex. Pharisees & Sadducees |
| Hyrcanus II & Aristobulus II | - fell to Roman General Pompey |
| Maccabean Religious Significance | - conflict b/t Hellenism & Judaism - religious & political freedom - struggle for high-priesthood - appearance of religious parties - doctrinal development |
| Roman Empire (63-NT) | - Temple remodeled - goes into NT - idolatry of law |
| Herod the Great | - not Hebrew - Idumean line-from Esaw - Temple remodel, Hippodrome, Caesarea(new city w/port) - Late cruelty-killed 7 family members, death plans |
| Roman Religious Conditions | - idolatry of the law - refurbished Temple - political High Priesthood |
| Judaism | - religion of the inter. period - started after 587 |
| Judaism Orgin | - product of Babylonion captivity - pre-exilic roots |
| Judaism Nature | - law replaced prophets - alteration of Yahwism - God was seen as all powerful - intermediaries b/t God & us - Eschatology-study of last things |
| Judaism Characteristics | - theocracy (ruled by God) - prayer, fasting, & almsgiving - conservatism-not wanting to change |
| Judaism Influence From Others | - other interbiblical nations - mostly from Hellenism |
| Judaism Influence Upon Christianity | - the synagogne - OT - Messiah |
| Judaism Religious Parties | - Pharisees - Sadducees - Essenes - Herodians - Zealots - Common People |
| Pharisees | - foreordination-God knows what will happen - resurrection - angels & demons - scripture & oral traditions(what rabbis say scripture means)-613 laws -mostly located in Jerusalem |
| Sadducees | - political - beliefs opposite of Pharisees - believed in some scripture - small but influential group |
| Essenes | - "children of light" - ultra conservative - lived separate from everyone else in Qumran - wrote Dead Sea Scrolls |
| Herodians | - support of Herod (not Jewish) - enemies of Jesus |
| Zealots | - origin in Roman days - Sicarii-"Assassins"-wanted to get rid of Romans |
| Common People | - 90% unaffiliated-just Jews - not fond of religious leaders |
| Judaism Worship Needs | - scribes & rabbis - the Temple |
| Scribes & Rabbis | - Ezra's legacy - Experts in the Mosaic Law - respected by students - no power of death bc of Rome |
| Scribes & Rabbis Primary Responsibilities | - development of the law - teaching the law-repetition |
| Sanhedrin | - religious & civil Jewish court - high priest, elders, & scribes - no power over death bc of Rome |
| Temple | - was destroyed by Babyloniams - primary place of worship - court of Gentiles-26 acres - holy days |
| Synagogue | - interbiblical origin-started bc Temple was far away-worship, school, & gathering place - in every town - scrolls in the Ark - service on the Sabbath |
| Service on the Sabbath | 1. shema-"hear"-reciting 2. prayers 3. singing of Psalms 4. reading of scripture/law 5. benediction |
| Hellenism & Graeco-Roman Life | - political walkthrough of the inter. - hellenism-greek way of life - Greek & Roman Influence - political & government system |
| Hellenism General Characteristics | - individualism - humanism - intellectualism - magnification of the beautiful - naturalism |
| Hellenism Relationship w/ Judaism | - Greek leisure vs. Jewish devotion - antagonism (opposing) in Jerusalem - influenced the Diaspora(scattering) *Hebraic Jews-conservative *Hellenistic Jews-outside of Israel |
| Graeco-Roman Life Greek Influence | - GREEK LANGUAGE - Philosophy-love of wisdom *platonism-ethics *epicureanism-happiness *stoicism-religious - Mystery Religions-outside people didn't understand |
| Graeco-Roman Life Roman Influence | - Latin-main Rome language - Contributions *roman law *roman peace *roads-"all roads lead back to Rome" - Government |
| Roman Government Political Admin | - Senate & the Emperor - Provincial gov.-provinces had own gov. *vassal kings-not Hebrew, Idumean *senatorial provinces (proconsuls as leaders) *imperial provinces (procurators as leaders, roman from emperor) |
| Roman Government Responsibilities in Palestine | - maintain peace - collect land profit & poll tax |
| Important 1st Century AD Emperors | - Augustus Octavius-Jesus born-"golden age of Rome" - Tiberius - Gaius Caligula-crazy - Claudius - Nero-1st major Christian persecution - Domitian-2nd major Christian persecution(worse) |
| The Land - Geo graphical Divisions | - coastal plains-right off Meditterrian Sea - western highleands-2,600ft above sea/hills/mts-Jerusiam & highest population - Jordan River Valley-Sea of Galilee, Jordan River, & Dead Sea - Eastern Highlands |
| The Land - Political Divisions | - Judea - Galilee - Samaria - Perea - Decapolis - 10 cities - Idumea |
Created by:
ila2309
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