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Unit 2 Vocab
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Lexington and Concord | The first shots of the American revolution were fired at these two battles outside of Boston in April 1775. |
| Lexington and Concord | Called the shot heard around the world. |
| Bunker hill | the first major battle of the American revolution; fought at Breeds hill outside of Boston. |
| Bunker hill | This was a British victory but the Americans inflicted heavy casualties on them which boosted their confidence and made them believe that they could win. |
| Declaration of Independence | A document written by Thomas Jefferson; passed by Continental Congress in July 1776. |
| Declaration of Independence | Officially declared that the United States was a separate country from Great Britain; listed complaints or grievances against King George III; explained reasons why America should declare its independence. |
| Trenton and Princeton | battles in which George Washington outwitted the British army and won victories that boosted Americans morale to keep fighting. |
| Saratoga | Battle that was the turning point of the war; fought in upstate New York in 1777. |
| Saratoga | Battle that convinced France to make an alliance with the United States. |
| Valley Forge | Camp outside of Philadelphia where the Continental Army suffered through winter but were trained and became a more professional army. |
| Kings mountain | Battle fought on the southern frontier by the over-mountain men against Loyalists; American victory and turned the tide of the war in the south. |
| Guerrilla Warfare | Type of warfare the Continental Army used on the British army in the south; destroyed supply lines and burned bridges instead of facing them in battle. |
| Yorktown | Last battle of the American Revolution in Oct 1781; place where the French navy trapped General Charles Cornwallis on a peninsula and laid siege to the British army. |
| Loyalists | Also called Tories, these were Americans that sided with Great Britain during the American Revolution. |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | Agreement that ended the American Revolution; US received its independence and got all the land to the Mississippi River. |
| George Washington | Commander of the Continental army. |
| Charles Cornwallis | British general that surrendered to Washington and the French at Yorktown. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Member of Second Continental Congress that wrote the Declaration of Independence. |
| Thomas Paine | Scottish immigrant that wrote Common Sense and The Crisis. |
| Benedict Arnold | Hero of the Battle of Saratoga but betrayed the United States and joined the British. |
| Benjamin Franklin | Founding father responsible for obtaining an alliance with France during the Revolutionary War. |
| Francis Marion | Also called the "Swamp Fox"; he was an American that practiced guerrilla warfare in South Carolina. |
| Patrick Henry | Member of Continental Congress, famous for saying, “Give me liberty, or give me death!” |
| Marquis de LaFayette | French officer that was one of Washington's advisors and generals. |
| Baron von Steuben | Prussian army officer that trained the Continental Army at Valley Forge. |
| Hessians | German mercenaries that fought for the British. |
| Grievance | Cause for complaint or protest due to unfair treatment. |
| Unalienable rights | Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. |
| Common Sense | Pamphlet written to encourage Americans to become independent from Great Britain. |
| Self-Evident | Obvious. |
| Tyrant | A cruel or oppressive ruler. |