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Unit 1 Exam
US HISTORY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compare and contrast European and Indian VIEWS on property | Europeans believe in the concept of private property, where individuals can claim exclusive rights to land, while Indian cultures historically viewed land as a communal resource to be used by the tribe as a whole |
| Describe a form of slavery traditionally practiced in Africa. | Debt slavery, enslavement of war captives, military slavery, slavery for prostitution |
| Describe the Columbian Exchange. | the process by which plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas have been introduced from Europe, Asia, and Africa to the Americas |
| Describe the Gaspée affair. | an armed rebellion against British authority that took place in 1772, when American colonists boarded and burned a Royal Navy schooner in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island |
| Describe the Puritan religion. | believed God had chosen a few people, "the elect," for salvation. |
| How did European feudal society operate? How was this a mutually supportive system? | Europe's feudal society was a mutually supportive system. The lords owned the land; knights gave military service to a lord and carried out his justice |
| How did the French and Dutch colonists differ in their religious expectations? How did both compare to Spanish colonists? | Spanish colonists were much more aggressive in their religious expectations, heavily pushing for Native American conversion to Catholicism often through coercion and violence. |
| In 1492, the Spanish forced which religious groups to either convert or leave? | Jews and muslims |
| What did British colonists find so onerous about the acts that Prime Minister Grenville passed | The Currency Act required colonists to pay British merchants in gold and silver instead of colonial paper money. |
| What prompted the French and Indian War? | a series of incidents in the upper Ohio River valley, which the French and British governments both claimed as their territory. |
| What reforms to the Catholic Church did Martin Luther and John Calvin call for? | advocating for the Bible to be accessible in everyday language, rejecting the practice of selling indulgences, |
| What sorts of labor systems were used in the Restoration colonies? | Slave labor |
| What was decided at the First Continental Congress? | endorse the Suffolk Resolves passed in Suffolk County, Massachusetts |
| What was the most lucrative product of the Chesapeake colonies? | Tobacco |
| What was the Negro Act of 1740 a reaction to? | the Stono Rebellion |
| What were some of the main differences among the non-Spanish colonies? | their motivations for colonization, political structures, relationships with Native Americans, and economic focus |
| What were tenets of the Enlightenment? | To use and celebration of reason, the power by which humans understand the universe and improve their own condition. |
| What were the causes of the British National Debt in 1763? | Great Britain's newly enlarged empire in North America meant a greater financial burden, and the mushrooming debt from the Seven Years' War was a major cause of concern |
| What were the concerns of those in England and her colonies about James II? | feared the imposition of a Catholic absolute monarchy |
| What were the goals of the Townshend Acts? | to raise revenue in the American colonies to pay for the costs of governing them |
| What were the major differences between the Indigenous societies of South America (the Aztec, Inca, and Maya) and the native peoples of North America? | population density, social organization, and level of centralized political power |
| Where did Christopher Columbus first land? | San Salvador Island |
| Which culture developed a road system rivaling that of the Romans? | The inca |
| Why did Columbus believe he could get to the Far East by sailing west? What were the problems with this plan? | the distance he needed to travel was unknown and he underestimated the earths circumference so hed have no way of knowing when he had arrived at his destination. |
| Why did the Spanish build Castillo de San Marcos? | to protect their settlement (city) from pirate attacks, |
| Why didn't England make stronger attempts to colonize the New World before the late sixteenth to early seventeenth century? | The English crown refused to fund colonial expeditions |
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