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WHII Unit 4.6 Test
Era of Exploration Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reasons | Gold, Gold, Glory- ____ for exploration |
| Christianity | Major religion in Europe during 1400-1700s |
| Middle East | Technologies from this region of Asia allow for Europeans to travel across oceans |
| Maritime | Sea, Ocean Travel aka as - |
| Portugal | Prince Henry the Navigator of _____ established the first schools of navigation |
| Vasco da Gama | Explorer, Portugal, established 1st European trading posts in India |
| Christopher Columbus | Explorer, hired by Spain to find Western route to Asia, established the first European permanent settlements in the Western Hemisphere |
| Reasons | Gold, Gold, Glory- ____ for exploration |
| Christianity | Major religion in Europe during 1400-1700s |
| Middle East | Technologies from this region of Asia allow for Europeans to travel across oceans |
| Maritime | Sea, Ocean Travel aka as - |
| Portugal | Prince Henry the Navigator of _____ established the first schools of navigation |
| Vasco da Gama | Explorer, Portugal, established 1st European trading posts in India |
| Christopher Columbus | Explorer, hired by Spain to find Western route to Asia, established the first European permanent settlements in the Western Hemisphere |
| Reasons | Gold, Gold, Glory- ____ for exploration |
| Christianity | Major religion in Europe during 1400-1700s |
| Middle East | Technologies from this region of Asia allow for Europeans to travel across oceans |
| Maritime | Sea, Ocean Travel aka as - |
| Portugal | Prince Henry the Navigator of _____ established the first schools of navigation |
| Vasco da Gama | Explorer, Portugal, established 1st European trading posts in India |
| Christopher Columbus | Explorer, hired by Spain to find Western route to Asia, established the first European permanent settlements in the Western Hemisphere |
| Hernan Cortez | Spanish Conquistador, explorer conquered the Aztecs |
| Francisco Pizarro | Spanish Conquistador, explorer conquered the Incas |
| Aztec Empire | American Empire located in modern-day central Mexico, wealthy (gold) |
| Inca Empire | American Empire located in South America, Andes Mountains wealthy (silver) |
| Smallpox | European disease that destroyed Native populations in the Western Hemisphere |
| Ferdinand Magellan | Hired by Spain, explorer- crew was first to circumnavigate the globe |
| Sir Francis Drake | English explorer- crew was second to circumnavigate the globe, "privateer" working for Queen Elizabeth I, crew was pirating Spanish ships |
| Jacques Cartier | French explorer, explored modern-day Canada in North America and sailed the St. Lawrence river, established Quebec as French colony in Western Hemisphere |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | Agreement between Spain and Portugal to "split" territories of the "New World" (Americas) prior to it being explored by Europeans |
| Race | Rigid class system established in Spanish colonies of the Western Hemisphere were based on- |
| Africa | millions of men, women, and children from ___ were brought to the Western Hemisphere to work on plantations |
| Cash Crops | Tobacco, Sugar, Coffee, Cotton were all considered- |
| Plantation | large farm that grows cash crops |
| Colony | an area that is under direct control of another, stronger power or government |
| Native | Europeans who migrated to the Americas first enslaved _____ people to work on plantations |
| Christianity | type of religion that spreads in the Americas |
| Columbian Exchange | goods, ideas, products traveling across the Atlantic from Western to Eastern Hemisphere is called |
| Triangular Trade | Economic trade involving Africa, Europe, and the Americas is called- |
| Middle Passage | journey from Africa to American colonies for enslaved men, women and children was known as- |
| Mercantilism | more money (bullion-gold/silver) = more money The economic policy of European nations during the Era of Exploration |
| Songhai Empire | African Empire that would trade gold and salt and eventually slaves leading to its' demise |
| Timbuktu | Songhai trading city |
| Ottoman Empire | traded coffee and ceramics, located in Northern Africa, Middle East, and Balkan Peninsula, Islamic Empire |
| Mughal Empire | Northern India, Islamic leaders who ruled over a mainly Hindu population, traded textiles and silk |
| Chinese Empire | porcelain, silk, tea, spices, gunpowder, paper-empire controlled trade through foreign enclaves and strict laws |
| Japanese Empire | Isolated and ruled by a Shogun (weak emperor) |
| Islamic | The astrolabe and the compass were items from the Ottoman, _____ Empire |
| Peninsulares | Spanish colony class- people born in Spain, held power over land in colonies |
| Creoles | Spanish colony class-people born in the Western Hemisphere, and were of European ethnicity |
| Mestizo | Spanish colony class-people born in the Western Hemisphere, and were of European and Native ethnicity |
| Mulatto | Spanish colony class-people born in the Western Hemisphere, and were of European and African ethnicity |
| Enslaved | Spanish colony class-Native Americans and Africans |
| Encomienda System | Spanish colony system where slaves provide labor and landowners control |
| Ethocentric | belief during this time that Europeans consider themselves more advanced than natives and others |
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