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Palmer Micro 3
Gm+/- cocci, Gm- rods.
| Indicator(s) | Organism(s) |
|---|---|
| Gm+, alpha-hemolytic, lancet-shaped, quellung positive | Strep pneumoniae |
| Stys | Staph aureus |
| Pyoarthritis from disseminated infections | Staph aureus |
| UTI in elderly | Staph epidermidis |
| UTI in adolescent girls | Staph saprophyticus |
| Neonatal sepsis | Group B Strep agalactiae |
| PID | Neisseria gonorrhea |
| macular rash and petechial hemorrhages | fulminant meningococcemia - Neisseria meningitidis |
| Organisms present in blood, nasopharyngeal swab, very few in CSF | Neisseria meningitidis |
| Carrion’s disease | Bartonella Bacilliformis |
| oroya fever | Bartonella Bacilliformis |
| sand flies | Bartonella Bacilliformis |
| Cat scratch fever | Bartonella henselae |
| Trench fever | Bortonella quiltana |
| Passive immunity by mother/Natural immunity by 8 years old | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Soft, painful chancres in genital region | Haemophilus ducreyi |
| Soft, painless chancres in genital region | Treponema pallidum (syphilis) |
| Soft chancres in genital region | Haemophilus ducreyi OR Treponema pallidum (syphilis) |
| Cause meningitis (NOT late onset neonatal sepsis) | haemophilis infulenzae, neisseria menigitidis, strep pneumoniae, moraxilla |
| Late onset neonatal sepsis meninigitis | strep B (agalactiae) |
| Causes pneumonia | Strep pneumoniae, haemophilis influenzae, staph aureus, peptostreptococci |
| Quellung positive | haemophilis influenzae, strep pneumoniae, neisseria menigitidis |
| Condition from the release of endotoxin by bacteria killed by an antibiotic | Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction |
| Treatment for Bordetella pertussis | Erythromycin to kill B.pertussis, then continued antibiotics to prevent pneumonia |
| catalase +, facultative anaerobes, hyaluronidase, pyrogenic | STAPH |
| teichoic acid | STAPH |
| protein A | Antiphagocytic - STAPH |
| mucus membrane pathogens | Neisseria, Haemophilus, Moraxella |
| Most common staph | Staph aureus |
| Golden yellow pigment on solid media, white to orange colonies | Staph aureus |
| Mannitol + | Staph aureus |
| Coagulase + | Staph aureus |
| Ribitol teichoic acid | Staph aureus |
| Gm+, produces enterotoxin | Staph aureus |
| Abscess formation | Staph aureus |
| Encrusted pustules on superficial layers of skin | Impetigo - Staph aureus/Strep A (pyogenes) |
| pyoarthritis | Disseminated infection of staph aureus or PID in Neisseria gonorrhea |
| acute bacterial endocarditis | staph aureus |
| subacute bacterial endocarditis | staph epidermidis |
| most common endocarditis | strep viridans |
| all bacterial endocarditis causes | Staph aureus, staph epidermidis, strep viridans, strep A (pyogenes), strep D (fecalis), moraxella (branhamella catarrhalis) |
| sandpaper texture, streaking of skin on joint lines, can start to peel | Scalded skin syndrome - staph aureus |
| High fever, vomiting, diarrhea, peripheral circulatory collapse, tampons | TSS - staph aureus |
| Acute vomiting, mild cramps, no fever, 2-6 hours after ingestion | Food poisoning - staph aureus |
| White colonies | Staph epidermidis |
| Glycerol teichoic acid | Staph epidermidis |
| Glycerol and or rubitol teichoic acid | Staph saprophyticus |
| Gm+ chained cocci, non-motile, catalase –, facultative anerobes | STREP |
| Hyaluronic acid capsule | STREP |
| Protein F | fibronectin binding - STREP |
| Lactic acid fermentors | STREP |
| Group A | Strep pyogenes |
| M, T, and R antigens | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| beta-hemolytic, bactracin sensitive | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| M-protein | Antiphagocytosis - Strep A (pyogenes) |
| Strep A hemolysins | Streptolysin S (O2 STABLE) and O (O2 SENSITIVE) |
| Most common pharyngitis | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| Scarlet Fever | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| pyoderma (impetigo) | Staph aureus, Strep A (pyogenes) |
| cellulitis | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| Rheumatic fever | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| Acute glomerulonephritis | Strep A (pyogenes) |
| Strep group B | Strep agalactiae |
| Beta-hemolytic, bactracin resistant, normal oral/vaginal flora | Strep B (agalactiae) |
| Sialic acid capsule | Strep B (agalactiae) |
| 5 serotypes | Strep B (agalactiae) |
| serotype of late-onset neonatal sepsis | 3 |
| alpha-hemolytic, bactracin resistant | strep D non-enterococci |
| beta-hemolytic, bactracin resistant, inhibited (not killed) by penicillin | strep D enterococci (fecalis) |
| Strep D enterococci | Strep fecalis |
| NON Strep Group D Enterococci | E. faecalis, E. faecium |
| PYR + | NON Strep Group D Enterococci (E. faecalis, E. faecium) |
| Strep D diseases | endocarditis, UTI, septicemia |
| Strep D treatment | Need an antibiotic sensitivity test |
| Anaerobic, Gm+ cocci | Peptostreptococci |
| Normal in GI, Gu, and especially in periodontal | Peptostreptococci |
| Possible diseases of Peptostreptococci | abscess, pneumonia, Gu tract infections |
| alpha-hemolytic, found in the oral cavity and heart | strep viridans |
| strep viridans diseases | dental caries, endocarditis |
| strep viridans treatment | penicillin |
| alpha hemolytic, sensitive to bile and quinine | strep pneumoniae |
| strep pneumoniae diseases | pneumonia (usually secondary infection), meningitis, otitis media/septicemia in infants > 2 months old |
| strep pneumoniae treatment | usually penicillin, or other antibiotic |
| strep pneumoniae vaccine | capsular polysaccharide, only in adults |
| Virulent neisseria | Types 1 and 2, which have capsules - gonorrhea and meningitidis |
| neisseria motility | twitching pili. NO FLAGELLA |
| Glucose fermentor only | Neisseria gonorrhea |
| STD, diplococci, pyogen | Neisseria gonorrhea |
| IgAse | Neisseria gonorrhea, Haemophilus influenzae |
| Urethritis | Moraxella, Neisseria gonorrhea |
| Diseases of Neisseria gonorrhea | urithritis, rectal infection, pharyngitis, ophtalmia neonatorum |
| Culture on thayer-martin chocolate plate in candle (CO2) jar | Neisseria gonorrhea |
| Neisseria gonorrhea treatment | penicillin G |
| penicillinase+ Neisseria gonorrhea treatment | spectinomycin |
| Glucose and maltose fermentation only | Neisseria meningitidis |
| quellung+, natural reservoir in nasopharynx | Neisseria meningitidis |
| fever, vomiting, headache, stiff neck | meningitis, early stages |
| Waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome | Neisseria meningitidis |
| Neisseria meningitidis treatment | High dose of IV penicillin |
| Neisseria meningitidis vaccine | Capsular polysaccharide - infants or military settings |
| Branhamella catarrhalis | Moraxella |
| - Gm -, diplococcobacilli, normal flora | Moraxella (Branhamella catarrhalis) |
| Severe moraxella diseases | endocarditis or meningitis (both rare) |
| moraxella diseases in immunocomprimised patients | otitis media, maxillary sinusitis, pulmonary disease, urethritis (indistingushable from gonorrhea) |
| Non-motile coccobacilli w/capsule, obligate aerobe, oxidase -, natural flora | Acinetobacter |
| Gm-, coccobacillus, no capsule, flagella, hemangioma | Bartonella Bacilliformis |
| Pyogenic, facultative anaerobe, blood components requred | HAEMOPHILUS |
| chocolate agar required due to non-hemolytic property | Haemophilus infulenzae |
| Cells are pleomorphic (vary between small coccobacilli to long, slender filaments) | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Acute bacterial meningits in 3 to 6 year-olds | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Large number of organisms in CSF | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Start with upper resperatory tract infection, but may lead to meningitis or epiglottitis | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Antiphagocytic and immunosuppressive capsule with 6 serotypes | Haemophilus influenzae |
| Haemophilus influenzae serotype that's common in children | B |
| Haemophilus influenzae treatment | ampicillin or chloramphenicol |
| Haemophilus influenzae vaccine | Capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid. Used for infants |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis | Haemophilus aegyptius |
| Haemophilus aegyptius treatment | tetracycline ointment |
| Haemophilus ducreyi treatment | sulfonamides and streptomycin |
| small Gm- coccobacilli with hemagglutimin pili | attach to upper resperatory tract - Bordetella |
| Most severe Bordetella to least | Pertussis, parapertussis, bronchiseptica |
| Unidentified toxin | Neurotoxin - Bordetella |
| Obligate human parasite | Bordetella pertussis |
| Whooping cough | Bordetella pertussis |
| Mild flu-like symptoms, mild, persistent cough, MOST CONTAGIOUS | Caterrhal Stage - Bordetella pertussis |
| Violent coughing, characteristic whoop, cyanosis, vomiting, convulsions, exhaustion | Paraoxysmal Stage - Bordetella pertussis |
| amelioration of symptoms, cough persists for several months | Convalescent stage - Bordetella pertussis |
| Grown on Bordet-Gengon and Regan-Lowe agar | Bordetella pertussis |
| Bordetella vaccine | Inactivated whole organism. Produces antibodies and cell-mediated immunity. Administered at 2 months old. Boosters at 4, 6, and 18 months, and then again when entering school. |
Created by:
FierceEyes
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