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Stufflet APUSH U5P2
Unit 5--Part 2--APUSH
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| New York City Draft Riot | carried out by poor, mostly Irish-Americans; attacked blacks and rich whites in response to Conscription Act of 1863; 117 killed |
| Richmond Bread Riot | carried out by southern females for food as Confederate supplies ran low in the Civil War |
| Fort Sumter | attack on this started the Civil War in 1861 |
| Robert E. Lee | Confederate general whose tactical abilities won numerous battles for South early in the war |
| Ulysses S. Grant | Union general whose strategy of attrition won the war |
| Gettysburg | Union victory in Pennsylvania that crippled the South's offensive capabilities |
| March to the Sea | Union General William Sherman's campaign that sought to break southern morale; destroyed everything in its path from Chattanooga to Savannah (including Atlanta) |
| contraband | property seized from the enemy; slaves were considered this prior to Emancipation Proclamation |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Lincoln’s declaration of 1862 that freed all slaves in those states that were in rebellion (but not those in the border states) |
| Massachusetts 54th Regiment | example of how African-Americans flocked to Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation |
| Andrew Johnson | took over presidency upon Lincoln's assassination |
| 13th Amendment | abolished slavery permanently |
| 14th Amendment | among other things, it obligated states to respect rights of citizens by providing “equal protection of the laws” and “due process” |
| 15th Amendment | Prohibited any state from denying a citizen’s right to vote based upon “race, color, or previous condition of servitude” |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Welfare agency for those made destitute in war (mainly freed slaves and homeless whites); increased African-American literacy |
| Black Codes | various laws in South after Civil War that denied blacks their civil rights |
| Hirem Revels | 1st black senator; from Mississippi |
| scalawags | term used for southern Republicans |
| carpetbaggers | terms used for northern Republicans who came south during Reconstruction |
| Compromise of 1877 | officially ended Reconstruction; resulted in removal of Union troops from South |
| sharecropping | southern economic system in which landlord (white) provided seed and tools while poor farmer (black) gave landlord 50% of harvest (typically) as rent |
| crop lien | paying for supplies with part of what you grow |
| Ku Klux Klan | main group that implemented violence to prevent blacks from voting |
| Mississippi Plan | southern plan to fight Reconstruction by intimidating blacks and white Republicans |
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