Question 1

Name the bias.
Sample is selected in a physical space. Only members who are in that space at the time of the study are respresented.

Accepted Answer

specific real area bias

Question 2

Name the bias.
People being studied have to actively choose to participate. Members who are more enthusiastic will be a majority of the sample.

Accepted Answer

self-selection bias

Question 3

Name the bias.
How volunteers or screened or where advertising is placed skews the sample so that a majority of a sample is made up of people who align themselves with the advertisement.

Accepted Answer

pre-screening bias or advertising bias

Question 4

Name the bias.
The first 100 students to walk through the quad are surveyed on their views of the football team.

Accepted Answer

specific real area bias

Question 5

Name the bias.
An optional internet survey, especially if there is little or no incentive.

Accepted Answer

self-selection bias

Question 6

Name the MAIN bias.
Surveying a sample size of people at the gym or on a trail on their mental health.

Accepted Answer

healthy-user bias

Question 7

Name the bias.
Sample is selected in a way that it is likely more healthy than the general population.

Accepted Answer

healthy-user bias

Question 8

If a t-test results in a p-value at or below 0.05, two data sets are considered statistically____________ with 95% confidence

Accepted Answer

significant

Question 9

If a t-test results in a p-value above 0.05, two data sets are considered statistically _____________ with 95% confidence

Accepted Answer

insignificant

Question 10

If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of 0, are they negatively or positively correlated?

Accepted Answer

neither

Question 11

If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of greater than 0, are they negatively or positively correlated?

Accepted Answer

positively

Question 12

If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of less than -, are they negatively or positively correlated?

Accepted Answer

negatively

Question 13

The degree that an assessment tool produces consistent and replicable results is ___________.

Accepted Answer

reliability

Question 14

Name the reliability.
A measure of reliability in consistency of scores over time.

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability

Question 15

Name the reliability.
A person takes the same test five times and receives the same or roughly the same results.

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability

Question 16

Name the reliability.
A measure of the degree to which two researchers agree in an assessment.

Accepted Answer

Inter-rater reliability

Question 17

Name the reliability.
Two researchers collect observational data and come to roughly the same judgements of the same person.

Accepted Answer

Inter-rater reliability.

Question 18

How well an experiment measures a meausurement.

Accepted Answer

Validity

Question 19

Name the validity.
Results of a study properly demonstrate a causal relationship between variables.

Accepted Answer

internal validity

Question 20

Name the validity.
Highly controlled experiment may be the only way to truly establish this.

Accepted Answer

internal validity.

Question 21

Hidden variables that correlate in some way with a variable and impact results.

Accepted Answer

confounding factors

Question 22

Name the validity.
Results of a study can be generalized to other situations.

Accepted Answer

external validity.

Question 23

Name the validity.
Sample has internal validity that can be applied to multiple situations

Accepted Answer

external validity.

Question 24

Name the validity.
A tool is measuring what it is intended to measure.

Accepted Answer

construct validity

Question 25

Name the validity.
A survey is clear and gives non-leading questions.

Accepted Answer

construct validity.

Question 26

Name the only research that can establish causal relationships in humans.

Accepted Answer

double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

STATISTICS MR1

A1-4 statistics and research memorization for review 1

Definition	Term
Name the bias. Sample is selected in a physical space. Only members who are in that space at the time of the study are respresented.	specific real area bias
Name the bias. People being studied have to actively choose to participate. Members who are more enthusiastic will be a majority of the sample.	self-selection bias
Name the bias. How volunteers or screened or where advertising is placed skews the sample so that a majority of a sample is made up of people who align themselves with the advertisement.	pre-screening bias or advertising bias
Name the bias. The first 100 students to walk through the quad are surveyed on their views of the football team.	specific real area bias
Name the bias. An optional internet survey, especially if there is little or no incentive.	self-selection bias
Name the MAIN bias. Surveying a sample size of people at the gym or on a trail on their mental health.	healthy-user bias
Name the bias. Sample is selected in a way that it is likely more healthy than the general population.	healthy-user bias
If a t-test results in a p-value at or below 0.05, two data sets are considered statistically____________ with 95% confidence	significant
If a t-test results in a p-value above 0.05, two data sets are considered statistically _____________ with 95% confidence	insignificant
If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of 0, are they negatively or positively correlated?	neither
If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of greater than 0, are they negatively or positively correlated?	positively
If two sets of data have a correlation coefficient of less than -, are they negatively or positively correlated?	negatively
The degree that an assessment tool produces consistent and replicable results is ___________.	reliability
Name the reliability. A measure of reliability in consistency of scores over time.	Test-retest reliability
Name the reliability. A person takes the same test five times and receives the same or roughly the same results.	Test-retest reliability
Name the reliability. A measure of the degree to which two researchers agree in an assessment.	Inter-rater reliability
Name the reliability. Two researchers collect observational data and come to roughly the same judgements of the same person.	Inter-rater reliability.
How well an experiment measures a meausurement.	Validity
Name the validity. Results of a study properly demonstrate a causal relationship between variables.	internal validity
Name the validity. Highly controlled experiment may be the only way to truly establish this.	internal validity.
Hidden variables that correlate in some way with a variable and impact results.	confounding factors
Name the validity. Results of a study can be generalized to other situations.	external validity.
Name the validity. Sample has internal validity that can be applied to multiple situations	external validity.
Name the validity. A tool is measuring what it is intended to measure.	construct validity
Name the validity. A survey is clear and gives non-leading questions.	construct validity.
Name the only research that can establish causal relationships in humans.	double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries: