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Unit 8 Study
The Twenties
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| flapper | a 1920s term used to describe a new type of young woman; rebellious, energetic, and bold |
| mass media | print and broadcast methods of communicating information to large numbers of people |
| demographics | the statistics that describe a population, such as data on race or income |
| bootleggers | term used to describe a supplier of illegal alcohol during prohibition |
| barrio | spanish-speaking neighborhood |
| speakeasies | bars that operated illegally during the time of prohibition |
| lost generation | group of American writers in the 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values, and who often chose to flee to Europe |
| fundamentalism | set of religious beliefs including traditional christian ideas about Jesus christ; the belief that the bible was inspired by God and does not contain contradictions or errors, and is literally true |
| which amendment to the US constitution gave women the right to vote nationwide? | 19th amendment |
| characteristics of flappers | 1)hair cut short 2)wore short dresses 3) wore heavy makeup |
| who was the first woman elected to the US house of representatives? | Jeannette Rankin |
| reasons farmers left their land to move to the city | 1) decrease in crop prices 2) increase in farm operation costs 3) job opportunities in the cities |
| what was a reason that most women did not vote in the 1920s? | some women did not agree with the idea of women voting |
| forms of transportation that contributed to growth in the suburbs | 1) automobile 2) bus 3) electric trolley |
| what event sparked the Chicago race riot? | death of a 17 year old black swimmer |
| during the 1920s immigration increased from what countries? | Mexico and canada |
| Marcus Garvey beliefs | 1) racial separation 2) blacks returning to Africa to create a self-governing nation 3) blacks purchasing stocks n only lack owned businesses |
| Jeannette Rankin | elected house of representatives |
| Miriam a Ferguson | governor |
| Nellie tayoe | governor |
| why was the 1920 census significant | more Americans lived in cities than rural areas |
| what were the results of this rural urban split | public school attendance doubles + 6 million people moved to cities |
| what was the great migration | movement of African Americans to North from south |
| what led to the increase in immigrants from Mexico + canada | restrictions on immigration from Europe and Asia |
| Mexican immigrants | went westward, worked on ranches +farms in california and texas |
| french Canadian immigrants | went northeast, worked in paper mills, potato fields, forests in New England and New York |
| why did the suburbs grow during the 1920s? what contributed to their growth | people from cities move to suburbs and public transportation made travel easy |
| what was the red summer | mob violence between black and white people in 1919 |
| what sparked the Chicago race riots | a black child was killed by a white man for going into the white only section |
| who revived the kkk | William j Simmons in 1915 |
| how was the revived klan different from the original | they attacked anyone not white protestant, not just black people |
| how did the national association for the advancement of colored people (NAACP) try to help african Americans in the 1920s | they worked to pass anti lynching laws and protect black voting |
| Marcus garvey | head of UNIA and wanted African Americans to return to Africa |
| Garvey movement | encouraged black people to buy stocks solely from black businesses |
| what were the causes of the increases in labor strikes in 1919 | 1)price increases in necessities 2) inflation doubled cost of living 3) standard of living dropped |
| Boston police strike | Boston police wanted a pay raise after wwi |
| us steel strike | workers wanted 8 hour workdays and 48 hour work weeks |
| coal strike | soft coal miners went on strike for higher wages |
| why did the number of strikes decline during the 1920s | -americans opposed strikes -membership in unions peaked then dropped -decline in membership meant fewer strikes |
| why did the Republican party dominate all three branches of the federal government in the 1920s | Americans though they would restore stability after the red scare |
| what did the Republicans favor during the 1920s | businesses and social stability |
| what was the washington conference | persuaded major military powers to agree to disarmament and reduce navies |
| what did the fordney mccumber tariff do | reduce imports |
| what country did president warren g harding want to help | germany |
| dawes plan | -set a payment schedule -reorganized the German national bank -approved loan to germany |
| nativism rebirth after wwi | -patriotism -religion -urban conditions -jobs -red scare |
| patriotism | believed foreigners would never be fully loyal to US |
| religion | most immigrants weren't protestant christian |
| urban conditions | blamed immigrants for corruption |
| jobs | feared immigrants would take jobs |
| red scare | believed immigrants might hold radical political ideas and spread them |
| what did the national origins act do | reduced annual quota based on 1880 census |
| what were president harding's policies in regards to African Americans? | -worked for racial equity -introduced anti lynching legislation |
| what was the teapot dome scandal | sec Albert fall secretly gave oil drilling rights to private companies and received money illegally |
| who became president after harding died | Calvin coolidge |
| laissez-faire capitalism | belief that the government should stay out of business and let it grow on its own |
| what did Congress do during coolidge's presidency | -lowered income and inheritance tax sales -approved higher tariffs on imports |
| how did Coolidge take his views too far | refused to regulate buying on stocks on credit or help Mississippi river flood victims |
| Kellogg Briand pact | multiple countries agreed not to declare war on each other, but was unsuccessful because there was no way to enforce it |
| Herbert Hoover views | traditional and supported prohibition |
| Alfred e Smith views | progressive and opposed prohibition |
| how much did the market value of stocks increase from 1925 to 1929 | $27 billion to $87 billion |
| how much did wages increase and what was the unemployment rate | -workers'wage increased past 40% -unemployment dropped below 4% |
| Bruce Barton | author who wrote "The Man Nobody Knows" |
| John j raskob | author who wrote "everyone ought to be rich" |
| welfare capitalism | strategies from companies to eet workers' demands |
| how did companies try to meet some of their workers' demands | -raised wages -paid vacations -health plans -recreation programs -english classes for immigrants |
| economic dangers leading to great depression | -uneven wealth -rising debt -stock speculation -overproduction -hardships for farmers and workers |
| uneven wealth | rich only got richer, the poor remained poor |
| rising debt | spent more on credit than could be paid back |
| stock speculation | high risk investments hoping for big returns |
| overproduction | more goods being made than people to buy them |
| hardships for farmers and workers | workers had long hours, bad conditions |
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