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Cold War/ Vietnam
| Term | Answer |
|---|---|
| U.N. (United Nations) | an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development. |
| Satellite nation | a country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation |
| Containment | the blocking of another nation’s attempts to spread its influence—especially the efforts of the United States to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s. ( |
| Iron curtain | a phrase used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe |
| Cold War | the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. |
| Truman Doctrine | a U.S. policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents |
| Marshall Plan | the program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the United States supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after World War II. |
| N.A.T.O. (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) | a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the United States, and Canada. |
| H.U.A.C. (House Un-American Activities Committee) | a congressional committee that investigated Communist influence inside and outside the U.S. government in the years following World War II. |
| Blacklist | a list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films because of their alleged Communist connections. |
| McCarthyism | the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s. |
| H-bomb | a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb. |
| Brinkmanship | the practice of threatening an enemy with massive military retaliation for any aggression |
| C.I.A. (Central Intelligence Agency) | a U.S. agency created to gather secret information about foreign governments. |
| Warsaw Pact | a military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | a U.S. commitment to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country, announced by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957. |
| G.I. Bill of Rights | a name given to the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, a 1944 law that provided financial and educational benefits for World War II veterans |
| Suburb | a residential town or community near a city. |
| Dixiecrat | one of the Southern delegates who, to protest President Truman’s civil rights policy, walked out of the 1948 Democratic National Convention and formed the States’ Rights Democratic Party. |
| Fair Deal | President Harry S. Truman’s economic program—an extension of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal—which included measures to increase the minimum wage, to extend social security coverage, and to provide housing for low-income families. |
| Baby Boom | the sharp increase in the U.S. birthrate following World War II. |
| Consumerism | a preoccupation with the purchasing of material goods |
| Planned Obsolescence | the designing of products to wear out or to become outdated quickly, so that people will feel a need to replace their possessions frequently. |
| Mass Media | the means of communication—such as television, newspapers, and radio—that reach large audiences. |
| F.C.C (Federal Communications Commission) | an agency that regulates U.S. communications industries, including radio and television broadcasting. |
| Beat Movement | a social and artistic movement of the 1950s, stressing unrestrained literary self-expression and nonconformity with the mainstream culture |
| Rock ‘n’ roll | a form of American popular music that evolved in the 1950s out of rhythm and blues, country, jazz, gospel, and pop. |
| Jazz | a style of music characterized by the use of improvisation. |
| Urban Renewal | the tearing down and replacing of buildings in rundown inner-city neighborhoods |
| Bracero | a Mexican laborer allowed to enter the United States to work for a limited period of time during World War II. |
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KOSKINEN425
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