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Unit 7
American History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Imperialism | competitions among colonization related affairs |
| militarism | aggressively building up the military in preparation for war |
| nationalism | tendency for countries to act in their own national interest |
| alliances | systems of alliances in Europe (triple alliance + triple entente) |
| Franz Ferdinand | Archduke who got assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip |
| Who declared war first | Austria-Hungary |
| allied powers | France, Russia, great Britain, Japan, italy |
| central powers | germany, Austria-hungary, Bulgaria, ottoman empire |
| trench warfare | soldiers fighting in trenches, western front trench was 500 miles |
| What happened to Germany's Asian and African colonies? | British and french took 3/4 of them |
| new weapons | machine guns, rapid fire artillery, hand grenades, artillery shells, poison gases |
| Preparedness movement | prepared for war just in case |
| peace movement | mainly populists, midwest progressives, social reformers, women |
| German submarines | u-boats |
| WHy did Germans stop warning ships of attack? | to conduct naval warfare |
| significance of Lusitania | German submarines sunk the British ship, and 128/1198 casualties were American, adding to war tensions |
| Sussex pledge | pledge ended on January 31, 1917 that promised warnings for u- boat attacks |
| Zimmerman note | Germany wanted Mexico to declare war on the US if US wanted to get involved with and in return Germany would help Mexico regain the US southwest |
| How did the Russian Revolution make it easier for the US to enter the war? | it was easier to join the allied powers |
| US declared war | Wilson declared war with congressional approval on April 6th 1917 |
| selective service act | authorized the draft |
| American expeditionary force | draftees, volunteers, national guardsmen |
| women jobs during war | nurses, drivers, clerks, government workers |
| convoy system | German unarmed ships surrounded by naval vessels |
| Treaty that withdrew Russia from the war | Treaty of brest-litovsk |
| second Battle of the marne | Germans retreated |
| battle of amiens | allies stopped German advance, insisted on total surrender |
| WWI planes | -wooden frames covered in cloth -eventually accommodated weapons -dropped bombs |
| Sept 30-> | Bulgaria surrendered to the allies |
| Oct 30-> | ottoman empire surrenders |
| Nov 3-> | Austria- Hungary surrenders |
| Nov 9-> | Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped down and Germany became a republic |
| Nov 11-> | Germany signed an armistice with the allies |
| Influenza | killed everyone of all ages; US troops arrived in France, proceeding to eventually spread it worldwide |
| liberty bonds | special war bonds that cost $20 billion |
| war industries board | oversaw the nation's war related production |
| food and fuel control act | the president could manage production and distribution of foods for war efforts |
| food administration | increase farm output and reduce waste |
| fuel administration | sponsored gasless days and began using daylight savings as fuel |
| committee on public information | to rally support for the war |
| espionage act | made it illegal to interfere with draft |
| sedition act | made it illegal to disrupt loyalty bonds and anything that went against the government |
| big four | Vittorio Orlando-> Italy David Lloyd George-> UK Georges Clemenceau -> France Woodrow Wilson-> US |
| League of Nations | joined the nations of the world together to ensure security and safety for all members |
| Treaty of Versailles policies | -Germany took blame and paid $33 billion -nine new countries were made from Austria-Hungary, Germany, ad Russia -Uk and France broke up Ottoman Empire -France insisted on punishing Germany -Italy failed to get territorial concessions it was promised |
| Where was Treaty of Versailles signed? | palace of Versailles in June 28 1919 |
| irreconcilables | did not support the league |
| reservationists | accepted the league but wanted to impose restrictions on US participation |
| Congress ratified... | separate treaties for Germany, Austria, and Hungary |
| What happened to women as soldiers returned home? | they had to leave or were fired |
| perception | people of color were welcomed like heroes but still discriminated against |
| Total Economic Cost | $338 billion |
| Casualties | 20 million dead, 21 million wounded |
Created by:
emmie_studies
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