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FINAL BATTLE
US HISTORY FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2010
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Daylight Savings Time | Lower Fuel Consumption |
| Sedition Act of 1819 | Illegal to slander government or stop sale of Liberty Bonds |
| 14 Points | Wilson’s aim for having a lasting peace in the world |
| League of Nations | Organization of countries to meet and discuss issues |
| Reparations | Payment for economic injury suffered during a war |
| Versailles Treaty | Placed blame of war solely on Germany |
| Flapper | Described a new type of woman: rebellious and bold |
| Demographics | Statistics that describe population |
| Charles Lindbergh | Flew “Spirit of St. Louis” from New York to Paris |
| Amelia Earhart | Flew across the Atlantic and from California to Hawaii |
| George Herman Ruth | Sultan of Swat, Colossus of Clout, Great Bambino |
| Mass Media | Communicating to large numbers of people |
| Louis Armstrong | Trumpeter during the Jazz Age |
| Georgia O’Keeffe | Painted natural objects which suggested something greater |
| Harlem Renaissance | African American literary awakening during the 1920’s |
| Prohibition | Forbade, manufacture, transportation, or sale of alcohol |
| Bootleggers | Those who supplied alcohol |
| Speakeasies | Those who sold alcohol |
| Al Capone | Infamous gangster who was jail for for tax evasion |
| Scopes Trial | Court case against a teacher for teaching evolution |
| KKK | White supremacists, 4 million members in 1924 |
| Red Scare | Intense fear of communism & other radical ideas |
| Gitlow v. New York | Ruling upholding prohibition of violent revolution |
| Sacco & Vanzetti | Immigrant anarchists found guilty of robbery & murder |
| Boston Police Strike | Government employees who struck for higher pay |
| Disarmament | Voluntary destruction of a nation’s weapons |
| National Origins Act of 1924 | Annual immigration quota of 2% based on 1890 census |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | Fall gave drilling rights to 2 companies for $300,000 |
| Kellogg | Briand Pact |
| Consumer Economy | Depends on a Large amount of spending by consumers |
| Henry Ford | Wanted “democratization of the automobile” |
| Assembly Line | Each worker does on specialized job |
| The Man Nobody Knows | Novel about Christ as a businessman |
| Welfare Capitalism | Employers provide benefits to prevent strikes |
| Speculation | Making high-risk investments in hope of profit |
| Margin Buying | Buying stock 10-50% of it’s price |
| Patent | Licenses to give inventor exclusive rights to invention. |
| Edwin L. Drake | Hired by PA rock oil Co. first to drill for oil |
| Thomas Edison | Inventor, most famous for inventing the light bulb |
| Lewis Latimer | Improved method for producing filament. |
| George Westinghouse | Developed alternating current & effective air brakes. |
| Samuel F.B Morse | perfected the telegraph, devised code for alphabet. |
| Alexander Graham Bell | founder of AT&T built long distance telephone lines. |
| Bessemer Process | made removing iron impurities easier and cheaper. |
| John D. Rockefeller | oil industry giant, developed trust. |
| Andrew Carnegie | steel industry giant, economies of sale to lower cost. |
| Social Darwinism | no government hindrance in business, most “fit” become rich. |
| Oligopoly | market dominated by a few large profitable firms. |
| Monopoly | complete control of a product or service. |
| Trust | managing many businesses as a single unit. |
| Union | group of worker come together to fight against owner. |
| Collective Bargaining | workers negotiate as a group against employers. |
| George Pullman | created luxury train cars and town for employees. |
| Sherman Anti Trust Act | outlawed any combination of restraint of trade. |
| Push Pull Factors | Events/conditions that force/attract people to move. |
| Pacific Railway Grant Act | fed. Gov’t gave states land to sell to help build colleges. |
| Homestead Act | 160 acres, head of house or 21, farm 5 years to own. |
| Great Plains | vast grassland between Mississippi River and Rockies. |
| Bureau of Indian Affairs | managed delivery of supplies to reservations. |
| Colonial George Custer | died at battle of little Big Horn, lost every soldier. |
| Massacre at Wounded Knee | last major battle In Indian wars. |
| Placer Mining | put dirt into boxes & ran water to separate gold/silver. |
| Dawes Act | divided reservation into 160 acres plots to farm. |
| Deflation | drop in prices of goods. |
| Bimetallic standard | treasury notes could be traded in for gold or silver. |
| Bland Allison Act | required fed. To purchase/coin silver, increase inflation. |
| Sherman Silver Purchase Act | increased amount of silver gov’t required to purchase. |
| Interstate Commerce Act | regulated prices of RR, created the ICC. |
| Charles Guiteau | Man who shot Garfield |
| Pendleton CIvil Service Act | Refromed spoils system in government |
| Munn vs Illinois | Allowed states to regulate intrastate business |
| Ghettos | Area where one ethinc/racial group dominates |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | Did not allow immigrants to enter country for 61 years |
| Gentlemen’s Agreement | End San Francisco school policy and Japan stopped issuing passports |
| Tenements | Low cost apartment buildings |
| Jacob Riis | Wrote How the Other Half Lives |
| Political Machine | Group designed to keep one party in power |
| Social Gospel Movement | Apply teachings of Jesus directly to society |
| Jane Adams | Cofounder of Hull House to help the community |
| Nativism | WASP favors those born in America over immigrants |
| Prohibition | Ban on manufacture/sale of alcohol |
| Assimilation | People of one culture become part of another culture |
| Philanthropist | people who give donations to worthy causes |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | founder of the niagra movement |
| Booker T. Washington | believed in black equality through economic prosperity |
| niagra movement | called for civil liberties and end discrimination |
| Vaudeville | inexpensive variety show |
| coney island | first major amusement park in US |
| dr. james naismith (Dr. J) | invented basketball |
| yellow journalism | sensational news coverage to sell more papers |
| william randolph hearst | started New York Journal |
| mark twain | satirized attitudes and practices of the tim in novels |
| ragtime | melodies with shifting accents over steady beat |
| segregation | seperation of people by race |
| jim crow | laws which enforced segregation |
| lynching | murder of an accused person by a mob without trial |
| NAACP | goal:abolish segregation/discrimination oppose racism |
| department stores | wide variety of good seperated into aisles |
| rural free felivery | bring mail to homes for free in the country |
| order catalogs | |
| imperialism | empire building |
| nationalism | devotion to one's own country |
| "seward's folly" | purchase of alaska |
| annex | join new territory into an existing country |
| jose martin | US journalist writing on behalf of cubin rebellion |
| platt amendment | cuba can't enter agreements, give US naval lands, US rights to intervene when necessary |
| queen liliuokalani | ruler of hawaii, overthrown by dole |
| open door policy | US wanted equal access to china's consumers |
| hay | bunau |
| roosevelt corollary | US would be international police power |
| dollar diplomacy | substitute dollars for bullets, US increases $ abroad |
| Moral Diplomacy | US now apply moral & legalistic standards to policies |
| US now apply moral & legalistic standards to policies | |
| Muckraker | those who earn their living by telling lies about men |
| Ida Tarbell | revealed abuses by the Standard Oil Trust |
| Injunctions | court orders that prohibit certain activities |
| Socialism | philosophy, favored gov’t control of property & income |
| Florence Kelly | worked w/ Jane Adams, helped pass child labor laws |
| Marry Harris Jones | lost family & business, fought for mining unions |
| Social welfare program | help ensure minimum standard of living |
| Home Rule | gave cities some control over its laws |
| Direct primary | citizens vote for nominees for upcoming elections |
| Lochner v. New York | showed laws could protect public health of employees |
| Robert La Follette | governor of Wisconsin, first reformer of any state |
| Bull Moose Party | Progressive party: TR’s party to run for president |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | gave specific activities that the big business could not do |
| Federal Trade Comm. | had the power to cease & desist unfair trading practices |
| Federal Reserve System | divided country into 12 districts, board to run it |
| NAACP | worked to fight for African American rights in US |
| NAWSA | fought for women’s right to vote |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | leader of NAWSA, fought hard for women’s suffrage |
| Upton Sinclair | wrote THE JUNGLE, exposed the meatpacking industry |
| Central Powers | Germany and Austria;Hungary |
| Allies | Russia, France, Serbia, & Great Britain |
| Sussex Pledge | warn ships before attacking |
| Zimmermann Note | German telegram sent to Mexico |
| Russian Revolution | Czar Nicholas II forced from his throne |
| Selective Service Act | draft of US soldiers |
| Vladimir Lenin | overthrew Russian government |
| Harlem Hell fighters | 369th Infantry regiment of African Americans |
| Armistice | cease fire |
| Liberty Bond | special war bonds to raise support for Allies |
| War Industries Board | over saw production of arms in US |
| National War labor Board | sought to settle labor disputes during WWI |
| Rationing | foxed amount of good distributed |
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