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UCSP M6S2
Flashcard MODULE 6 Subtopic 2 Government as a Social Institution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Institutions | Enduring collection of rules and organized practices, embedded in structures of meaning and resources |
| Political Institutions | Organized way in which power is distributed and decisions are made within a society |
| Power | Likelihood of achieving desired ends in spite of resistance from others. Can be Physical and Psychological |
| Authority | Power to make binding decisions and issue commands. Necessary for a leader |
| Legitimacy | Moral an ethical concept that bestows one who possesses power the right to exercise such since it is perceived to be justified and proper |
| Traditional Authority | Legitimacy is derived from well-established customs, habits and social structures |
| Charismatic Authority | Legitimacy emanates from the charisma of an individual. Charisma is seen sometimes as “gift of grace” or possession of “gravitas” or authority derived from higher power |
| Rational-Legal/Bureaucratic Authority | Draws its legitimacy from formal rules promulgated by the state through its fundamental and implementing laws. Most common way of legitimizing authority in modern states |
| Uncentralized Political System | Leaders do not have any true power or authority to impose compliance to social norms. Equal distribution of power among members of society |
| Band | Small kin-ordered group living together in a loosely defined geographical territory for a temporary time |
| Tribe | Made of kin-groups. Practice of agriculture make them able to support large population. Leaders are chosen based on special skills or aptitudes related to economic activity. |
| Centralized Political System | Authority assigned to an individual or body of individuals. Presence of social stratification |
| Chiefdom | Few local communities who subscribe to the power and rule of a leader who has absolute power on them. Power bestowed to the chief because he is the highest ranking individual keeps position for life |
| State | Political unit consisting of a government that has sovereignty presiding over a group of people and a well-defined territory |
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