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WHAP People
This will list all important people that have been discussed in WHAP
| Question | Answer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normans | Originally from Norsemen Scandinavia, settled in Normandy, France in the 10th century | Led by William the Conqueror they successfully invaded England in 1066, altering the course of English history | Their influence spread beyond England, shaping medieval Europe through their military prowess, feudal system, and architectural innovations | |||
| Motecuzoma | also known as Moctezuma II, was the ninth emperor of the Aztec Empire, reigning from 1502 until he died in 1520 | He ruled during a period of significant expansion and cultural flourishing in the Aztec Empire but also faced challenges such as conflicts with neighboring states and the arrival of Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés | reign is often remembered for his initial ambivalence towards Cortés, whom he at first perceived as a deity or the returning god Quetzalcoatl, a misconception that ultimately led to the downfall of the Aztec Empire | |||
| Yongle | was the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China | best known for moving the capital of China from Nanjing to Beijing and constructing the Forbidden City | sponsored several voyages led by the explorer Zheng He, which greatly expanded China's maritime influence | |||
| Babur | was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India, establishing it in 1526 after the Battle of Panipat | He was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side | was not only a skilled military strategist but also a poet and author, leaving behind an autobiography called "Baburnama," which provides insights into his life and conquests | |||
| Huitzilopochtli | was the Aztec god of war, sun, and human sacrifice | He was often depicted as a hummingbird or an eagle holding a snake in his beak | was considered the patron deity of the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan and was highly revered in Aztec mythology | |||
| Marco Polo | was a Venetian explorer who traveled extensively throughout Asia during the 13th century | He served as an emissary of the Mongol Empire and documented his adventures in his book "The Travels of Marco Polo" | writings introduced Europeans to the vast wealth and culture of Asia, inspiring future explorers and traders | |||
| Troubadours | Originated in Occitania: were poets and musicians who emerged in the region of Occitania (present-day southern France) during the High Middle Ages | Courtly Love: They often composed and performed songs about courtly love, which idealized romantic love and chivalry, often within the context of the noble courts | Influence on European Literature: Their poetry and music had a profound impact on European literature and music, contributing to the development of vernacular literature and influencing later movements such as the Renaissance | |||
| Louis XIV | also known as the "Sun King," reigned as the King of France for an astonishing 72 years, making his reign the longest of any European monarch in history | He centralized power in the monarchy, epitomizing absolute monarchy in France and becoming a symbol of royal authority | palace at Versailles became the epitome of grandeur and luxury, reflecting his power and influence over European politics and culture during the 17th century | |||
| Zheng He | was a Chinese mariner and explorer who lived during the Ming Dynasty in the 14th and 15th centuries | He led seven large maritime expeditions, traveling through the Indian Ocean and reaching as far as East Africa, promoting Chinese trade and diplomacy | expeditions were among the largest and most sophisticated maritime ventures of their time, showcasing China's naval power and expanding its influence abroad | |||
| Martin Luther | - key figure in the Protestant Reformation PR challenged the authority of the Catholic Church in Europe ML is known for sparking the Reformation by protesting against the sale of indulgences and questioning papal authority | He famously nailed his 95 Theses to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg in 1517 | translation of the Bible into German helped standardize the German language and made the Bible more accessible to the common people | |||
| St. Thomas Aquinas | was a prominent medieval philosopher and theologian | He synthesized Christian theology with the philosophy of Aristotle | His major work, "Summa Theologica," is considered one of the most influential texts in Western thought | |||
| Ibn Battuta | was a Moroccan scholar and explorer who traveled extensively throughout the Islamic world during the 14th century | His travels lasted for about 30 years, covering nearly 75,000 miles across Africa, Asia, and Europe, making him one of the most prolific travelers in history | detailed accounts of his journeys provide valuable insights into the diverse cultures, societies, and traditions of the medieval Islamic world | |||
| Sunni Ali | was the first ruler of the Songhai Empire, reigning from around 1464 to 1492 | He was known for his military prowess, expanding the empire through conquest and establishing it as a dominant power in West Africa | reign marked a significant period of territorial expansion, economic growth, and cultural development within the Songhai Empire | |||
| John of Montecorvino | was an Italian Franciscan friar who became the first Roman Catholic missionary in China | He was appointed as the Archbishop of Khanbaliq (modern-day Beijing) by Pope Nicholas IV in 1307 | played a significant role in introducing Christianity to the Yuan dynasty and establishing the first Christian missions in China during the 14th century | |||
| Cathars | were members of a Christian religious movement that emerged in the Languedoc region of France in the 12th century | They believed in dualism, viewing the material world as inherently evil and the spiritual realm as inherently good | practiced asceticism and rejected many sacraments of the Catholic Church, including the authority of the Pope | |||
| Chinggis Khan | born as Temüjin, unified the Mongol tribes in the 12th century | His military strategies were innovative and highly effective, enabling him to build one of the largest empires in history | empire stretched from Eastern Europe to East Asia, promoting trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road | |||
| Galileo Galilei | was an Italian physicist, mathematician, and astronomer | He constructed an improved version of the telescope, which he used to make groundbreaking astronomical observations | was a proponent of the heliocentric model, supporting Copernicus' idea that the Earth revolves around the Sun | |||
| Peter I | also known as Peter the Great, ruled the Tsardom of Russia from 1682 until his death in 1725 | He initiated extensive reforms aimed at modernizing Russia, including westernizing its culture, economy, and military | established the city of Saint Petersburg in 1703 and made it the new capital of Russia, a symbol of his commitment to Europeanization | |||
| Pope Urban II | Initiated the First Crusade in 1095 | Instrumental in establishing the papal power during his reign | Played a significant role in the Council of Clermont, where he called for the Crusades | |||
| Hongwu | also known as Zhu Yuanzhang, was the founder and first emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China | He rose from humble beginnings as a peasant and monk to become one of the most powerful rulers in Chinese history | implemented significant administrative reforms, including land redistribution and the establishment of a centralized bureaucracy, to strengthen his rule | |||
| Humanists | prioritize reason and evidence over superstition and dogma | They emphasize the importance of ethical conduct based on compassion and empathy rather than religious doctrine | advocate for the pursuit of knowledge and understanding through scientific inquiry and critical thinking | |||
| Qianlong | was the sixth emperor of the Qing Dynasty in China, reigning from 1735 to 1796 | He was an avid collector and patron of the arts, amassing one of the largest and most valuable collections of Chinese art in history | was known for his successful military campaigns, expanding the Qing Empire's territory to its greatest extent | |||
| James Cook | Explorer:was a renowned British explorer who charted vast areas of the Pacific Ocean, including the eastern coast of Australia and numerous islands in the region | Navigation Skills: expertise in navigation was exceptional for his time, utilizing innovations like the lunar distance method to accurately determine longitude, crucial for long sea voyages | ||||
| Matteo Ricci | was an Italian Jesuit missionary who played a crucial role in introducing Christianity to China during the late Ming dynasty | was renowned for his expertise in mathematics, astronomy, and cartography, which helped him gain access to the Chinese imperial court and establish meaningful cultural exchanges between East and West | He is celebrated for his adaptation to Chinese culture, including learning the language fluently and adopting Chinese attire, earning him respect among the Chinese literati and facilitating his missionary work | |||
| John Calvin | J was a French theologian during the Protestant Reformation | He is best known for his influential work "Institutes of the Christian Religion" | theological teachings played a significant role in shaping Protestant theology, particularly in the development of Calvinism | Calvinism emphasizes the sovereignty of God in all aspects of life, including salvation | It highlights the concept of predestination, where God has predetermined the eternal fate of individuals | Calvinism has had a profound impact on various aspects of society, including politics, economics, and social ethics, particularly in regions where it became the dominant religious influence |
| Tokugawa Ieyasu | was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan | He played a pivotal role in the Battle of Sekigahara, which solidified his power and led to the unification of Japan | established a centralized feudal system known as the Tokugawa bakufu, which brought stability to Japan for over 250 years. | |||
| Voltaire | real name was François-Marie Arouet | He was a prominent French Enlightenment writer, philosopher, and historian | was known for his wit, satire, and advocacy for freedom of speech | |||
| Mehmed II | was also known as Mehmed the Conqueror (Ottoman) | He famously conquered Constantinople in 1453, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire | was an adept strategist, employing advanced military tactics during his conquests | |||
| Hernan Cortes | was a Spanish conquistador. | He led the expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire | played a crucial role in the colonization of Mexico by the Spanish | |||
| Eleanor of Aquitaine | was one of the most powerful women in medieval Europe | She was married to two kings, Louis VII of France and Henry II of England. | played a significant role in the politics and culture of both France and England during her lifetime Created chivalry | |||
| Frederick Barbarossa | was a Holy Roman Emperor during the 12th century | He led the Third Crusade, which aimed to recapture Jerusalem from Saladin | drowned in the Saleph River during the Third Crusade in 1190 | |||
| Shah Abbas the Great | the Great ruled the Safavid Empire from 1588 to 1629 | He implemented administrative reforms that strengthened the empire's central authority | fostered cultural flourishing, including the promotion of art, architecture, and trade | |||
| Fransisco Pizarro | was a Spanish conquistador | He led the expedition that conquered the Inca Empire in Peru | founded the city of Lima, which became the capital of the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru | |||
| Itzcoatl | was the fourth king of the Aztec Empire, reigning from 1427 to 1440 | He played a crucial role in the expansion of the Aztec Empire by forming alliances and conquering neighboring city-states | is credited with the establishment of the Triple Alliance, a powerful political and military coalition that laid the foundation for the Aztec dominance in Mesoamerica | |||
| Francis Drake | was an English sea captain, privateer, and explorer | He was the second person to circumnavigate the globe and the first to complete the journey as captain while leading the expedition throughout | played a significant role in the defense of England against the Spanish Armada in 1588 | |||
| Charles V | was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 to 1556 | He inherited Spain, the Netherlands, and territories in Italy from his grandparents | abdicated his throne in 1556, retiring to a monastery where he spent the rest of his life | |||
| Queen Nzinga | was a powerful ruler of the Ndongo and Matamba kingdoms in present-day Angola | She fiercely resisted Portuguese colonization and slave trade in the 17th century | was known for her strategic diplomacy, military prowess, and leadership in the fight against colonialism | |||
| Akbar | was the third Mughal emperor of India | He implemented a policy of religious tolerance, promoting harmony among Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and Christians | established a centralized administrative system known as the Mansabdari system, which helped in efficient governance and military organization | |||
| St. Ignatius Loyola | was the founder of the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits, a religious order within the Catholic Church known for its missionary and educational work around the world | He authored the Spiritual Exercises, a set of meditations, prayers, and mental exercises designed to help individuals deepen their relationship with God and discern God's will in their lives | played a significant role in the Counter-Reformation, a period of Catholic resurgence in response to the Protestant Reformation, by establishing schools, colleges, and seminaries to educate clergy and laypeople in the Catholic faith |
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pandabear66*
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