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christianity vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pharisees | educated people who both observed and enforced Jewish law |
| Sadducees | came from elite and powerful backgrounds. Supported the traditions of Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem. Very religious and generally cooperated with Roman occupation. |
| Pax Romana | Latin word for "Roman Peace" was a period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire which lasted for over 200 years, beginning with the reign of Augustus in 27 B.C. |
| Zealots | opposed Roman occupation. Believed that God would send a Messiah that would save the Jewish people from oppression. |
| Resurrection | coming back to life after being declared dead through divine intervention. |
| Baptism | a practiced ritual cleansing by plunging into water |
| Crucifixion | a slow and painful Roman method of execution. Jesus was sentenced to crucifixion. |
| Martyrs | people who die for their beliefs. Many Christians were martyred for their belief in Jesus. |
| Bible | Holy text that is composed of two major sections: Old Testament and New Testament. Sacred book for Christians. |
| Old Testament | the first part of the Christian Bible, comprising thirty-nine books and corresponding approximately to the Hebrew Bible. Promises that a Messiah will come and save God's people. |
| Salvation | deliverance from sin and its consequences, believed by Christians to be brought about by faith in Jesus Christ. |
| New Testament | the second part of the Christian Bible, written originally in Greek and recording the life and teachings of Jesus and his earliest followers. It includes the four Gospels |
| Gospels | Translated as "Good News." First four books of the New Testament, describe the life and and teachings of Jesus from four different points of view: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John |
| Parables | stories with a moral, Jesus often used parables to explain important lessons |
| Epistles | formal letters written by early leaders in the Christian church. Paul wrote a number of Epistles that explain Christian beliefs in great detail. |
| Trinity | the Christian understanding that God is represented in three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. |
| Ethics | issues of right and wrong and how to treat people |
| Golden Rule | a rule of ethical conduct that Jesus taught, written in Matthew 7:12 and Luke 6:31: "do to others as you would have them do to you" or in other words "treat others with how you want to be treated |
| Ascension | the ascent of Christ into heaven on the fortieth day after the Resurrection. |
| Denominations | Christians have divided themselves into different branches. Differences come down to church tradition, worship style, and history |
| Good Friday | the Friday before Easter Sunday, on which the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ is commemorated. Christians believe Jesus died to pay for personal sins. |
| Easter | the most important festival of the Christian Church, celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. Three Days after Jesus died He arose into Heaven. |
| Providence | the protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power. |
| Messiah | the promised deliverer of the Jewish nation prophesied in the Old Testament. Hebrew word meaning Christ. |
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