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unit 9 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| federalism | a system in which a national local government share power |
| separation of powers | the division of the functions of government among the branches in order to prevent any one branch from having to much power |
| checks & balances | a system in which each branch of government has the power to black the actions of the other |
| bicameral | the two houses of the legislative branch, the senate & house of representatives |
| bill | a proposed law |
| balanced budget | condition that exists when the government spends only as much money as it takes in |
| line-item veto | the power to veto parts of a bill and approve others |
| martial law | temporary rule by the military |
| pardon | a release from punishment for a crime |
| capital offenses | crimes that can be punished by death |
| grand jury | a group of at least 12 citizens who determine of there is enough evidence to against a defendant to justify a trail |
| indictment | a formal change of wrong doing |
| plea bargain | an agreement between the state and the defendant in a criminal trial |
| precinct | a district within a country, town, or city |
| republicanism | a republic is a form of government in which individual citizens choose people to represent their interest in the government |
| citizen | a member of a nation that is entitled to full rights |
| naturalized | the condition of having become a citizen by meeting certain requirements |
| patriotism | the love for ones country; the passion which aims to serve ones country. either from inversion, or protecting its rights |
| campaign | an effort to win an elected office |
| political parties | groups that seek to gain power by electing candidates to office |
| urbanization | movement of people from farms and rural areas into the cities |
| juneteenth | a celebration held on june 19th to commemorate the time in 1865 when slaves in Texas learned they were officially free |
| assilamite | to absorb smaller culture or group into a larger one |
| undocumented | an undocumented immigrant does not have the documen tsneeded to llegly enter, live, or work in a country |
| franchise | the right to own a professional sports team |
| folklore | the stories and beliefs of a people that get passed down through the years |
| bilingual | able to speak two languages |
| aquifer | an underground layer of porous rock that yields water through springs and wells |
| Ogallala Aquifer | accounts for 90 percent of the water supplied to texas aquifiers |
| desalination | the process of turning ocean water into drinkable fresh water by removing the salt |
| petroleum | the substance that provides oil,gasoline, and other fuels |
| medicaid | a federal health insurance program.Ran by the states, but funded by the federal government, provides free health care for poor americans |
| Al Qaeda | an islamist terrorist group that hijacked the 4 planes on september 11th 2001. They continue to threaten the safety of many nations, including the U.S |
| Osama Bin Laden | the prime suspect and leader of 9/11 was being hidden by the taliban who was not killed until 2011 |
| Weapons of mass destruction | nuclear weapons and chemical weapons used during the war |
| insurgency | a group of rebels or revolutionaries that resist peace or the system of government |
| Middle east | home of the largest oil reserves in the world, but a known region of military conflict.The birthplace of 3 major world religions 0 judism, christianity, and islam |
| recession | bad economic crises that started in 2007 with a rise in the unemployment persentage.incomes, stocks, and housing values dropped significantly |
| trafficking | trading or dealing goods or services, usually of an illegal nature |
| urban sprawl | urban areas spreading fast as their population grew.making it difficult to build mass transit systems and infrastructure |
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