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The LAST ONE !
Unit 9 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| federalism | a system in which a national and local government share power |
| separation of powers | the division of the functions of government among the branches in order to prevent any one branch from having too much power |
| checks and balances | a system in which each branch of government has the power to block the actions of the others |
| bicameral | the two houses of the legislative branch, the senate & house of representatives |
| bill | a proposed law |
| balanced budget | condition that exits when the government spends only as much money as it takes in |
| line-item veto | the power to veto parts of a bill and approve others |
| martial law | temporary rule by the military |
| pardon | a release from punishment for a crime |
| capital offenses | crimes that can be punished by death |
| grand injury | a group of at least 12 citizens who determine of there is enough evidence to against a defendant to justify a trial |
| indictment | a formal charge of wrong doing |
| plea bargain | an agreement between the state and the defendant in a criminal trial |
| precinct | a district within a county , town , or city |
| republicanism | a republic is a form of government in which individual citizens choose people to represent their in the governments |
| citizen | a member of a nation that is entitled to full rights |
| naturalized | the condition of having become a citizen by meeting certain requirements |
| patriotism | the love for one's country; the passion which aims to serve one's country, either from invasion , or protecting its rights and maintaining its laws and institutions in vigor and purity. patriotism is the characteristic of a good citizen |
| campaign | an effort to win an elected office |
| political parties | groups that seek to gain power by electing candidates to office |
| urbanization | movement of people from farms and rural areas into the cities |
| Juneteenth | a celebration held on June 19th to commemorate the time in 1865 when slaves in Texas learned they were officially free |
| assimilate | to absorb a smaller culture or group into a larger one |
| undocumented | an undocumented immigrant does not have the documents needed to legally enter, live , or work in a country |
| franchise | the right to own a professional sports team |
| folklore | the stories and beliefs of a people that get passed down through the years |
| bilingual | able to speak two languages |
| aquifer | an underground layer of porous rock that yields water through springs and wells |
| ogallala aquifer | accounts for 90 percent of the water supplied to Texas aquifer |
| desalination | the process of turning ocean water into drinkable fresh water by removing the salt |
| petroleum | the substance that provides oil, gasoline, and other fuels |
| medicaid | a federal health insurance program. ran by the states but funded by the federal government provides free health care for poor Americans |
| Al Qaeda | an Islamist terrorist group that hijacked the 4 planes on September 11th 2001 they continue to threaten the safety of many nations, including the U.S. |
| Osama Bin Laden | the prime suspect and leader of 9/11 an was being hidden by the Taliban who was not killed until 2011 |
| Weapons of Mass destruction | nuclear weapons and chemical weapons used during war |
| insurgency |
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