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Unit 12 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
John Wilkes Booth | Southerner that assassinated President Lincoln at Ford's Theatre |
13th Amendment | Officially abolished slavery in the United States of America |
14th Amendment | defined citizenship and guaranteed equal protection under the law for African Americans |
15th Amendment | gave African American men the right to vote |
Ten Percent Plan | the name of Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, it was lenient and made it easy for the Southern States to rejoin the Union |
Andrew Johnson | Democrat from Tennessee; he was Lincoln's vice president and became president after his assassination |
Andrew Johnson | his plan for reconstruction was too lenient, encouraged states to pass black codes; vetoed legislation passed by Congress |
Radical Republicans | group of Congressmen whose Reconstruction plan was too harsh on the South; they also impeached Andrew Johnson |
Black Codes | laws passed by individual states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans |
Military Reconstruction Act | law passed by Congress that divided the Southern States into five military districts until they ratified the 14th and 15th Amendments |
Freedmen's Bureau | government agency that was created to help newly freedmen and poor whites with jobs, medical care, and education |
Poll tax | state law that requires citizens to pay a fee before they are able to vote |
Tenure of Office Act | law passed by Congress and vetoed by Andrew Johnson that said he had to get Congress' permission to fire any member of his cabinet |
Impeachment | to formally charge the president with a crime; a trial is then held in the Senate |
freedmen | slave that had been freed by the 13th Amendment |
Segregation | the separation of blacks and whites in public places like bathrooms and schools |
Jim Crow Laws | laws passed by the southern states that enforced the segregation of public places |
William Brownlow | Republican governor of Tennessee during Reconstruction, he was very hard on southerners that fought and served with the Confederacy; also owned his own newspaper |
Vigilante | a person that takes justice into their own hands and punishes others without a trial or due process |
Carpetbaggers | northerners that moved south to help out with or profit from Reconstruction |
Scalawags | southerners that were Republicans during the Reconstruction, often targets of violence |
Compromise of 1877 | Agreement that officially ended Reconstruction |
Compromise of 1877 | deal made between Democrats and Republicans in which Rutherford B Hayes was made president in exchange for Union Troops being removed from the Southern states |
Rutherford B. Hayes | Republican president that officially ended Reconstruction in 1877 |
Reconstruction | time period 1865-1877 following the Civil War in which the South was rebuilt politically, economically, and socially |