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Unit 12 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| John Wilkes Booth | Southerner that assassinated President Lincoln at Ford's Theater. |
| 13th Amendment | Officially abolished slavery in the United States of America. |
| 14th Amendment | Defined citizenship and guaranteed equal protection under the law for African Americans. |
| 15th Amendment | Gave African American men the right to vote. |
| Ten Percent Plan | The name of Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, it was lenient and made it easy for the Southern states to rejoin the Union. |
| Andrew Johnson | Democrat from Tennessee; he was Lincoln's vice-president and became president after his assassination |
| Andrew Johnson | His plan for reconstruction was too lenient, encouraged states to pass black codes; vetoed legislation passed by Congress. |
| Radical Republicans | Group of Congressmen whose Reconstruction plan was too harsh on the South; they also impeached Andrew Johnson. |
| Black codes | Laws passed by individual states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans. |
| Military Reconstruction Act | Law passed by Congress that divided the Southern states into five military districts until they ratified the 14th and 15th Amendments. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Government agency that was created to help newly freedmen and poor whites with jobs, medical, and education. |
| Poll Tax | State law that requires citizens to pay a fee before they were able to vote. |
| Tenure of Office Act | Law passed by Congress and vetoed by Andrew Johnson that said he had to get Congress' permission to fire any member of his cabinet. |
| Impeachment | To formally charge the president with a crime; a trial is then held in the Senate. |
| Freedmen | Slaves that had been freed by the 13th Amendment |
| Segregation | The separation of blacks and whites in public places like bathrooms and schools. |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws passed by the Southern states that enforced the segregation of pubic places. |
| William Brownlow | Republican governor of Tennessee during Reconstruction, he was very hard on southerners that fought and served with the Confederacy; also owned his own newspaper. |
| Vigilante | A person that takes justice into their own hands and punished other without a trial or due process. |
| Carpetbaggers | Northerners that moved south to help out with or profit from Reconstruction |
| Scalawags | A southerner that were Republicans during the Reconstruction, often targets of violence. |
| Compromise of 1877 | Agreement that officially ended Reconstruction. |
| Compromise of 1877 | Deal made between Democrats and Republicans in which Rutherford B Hayes was made president in exchange for Union troops being removed from the Southern states. |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | Republican president that officially ended Reconstruction in 1877. |
| Reconstruction | Time period 1865-1877 following the Civil War in which the South was rebuilt politically, economically, and socially. |