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Cold War
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| George F. Kennan | American diplomat who authorized the concept of containment, where they would confront the Russians wherever they tried spread their power |
| George Marshall | Secretary of State who came up with the Marshall plan, proposing that the U.S. should provide economic assistance to Europe after the damage from WWII to prevent the spread of communism |
| Tensions Increased During The Cold War Due To... | the Space Race, the Arms Race, & the U2 Incident |
| Election Of 1948 | last election before the 22nd Amendment limited the amount of time a President could serve for |
| Berlin Airlift | airlift that provided food & fuel to Berlin citizens when the Russians closed off access |
| Berlin Wall | wall surrounding West Berlin to prevent East German citizens traveling towards the West |
| Berlin Wall Demolition | the destruction of the Berlin Wall symbolized the end of the Cold War |
| Truman Doctrine | stated that the U.S. would support Greece & Turkey with economic & military aid to resist internal left-wing movements & prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere |
| NATO | military alliance created in 1949 made up of 12 non-Communist countries including the United States that support each other if attacked (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) |
| Warsaw Pact | an alliance between the Soviet Union an& other Eastern European nations in response to the NATO |
| Korean War | conflict between Communist North Korea & Non-Communist South Korea, where the U.S. sided with South Korea |
| 38th Parallel | line that divided Korea, where the Soviets were in the North & the U.S. was in the South |
| Truman-MacArthur Controversy | Truman removed MacArthur from command in Korea as punishment for MacArthur's public criticism of the U.S. government's handling of the war |
| Containment Policy Purpose | established by the Truman administration in 1947 to contain Soviet influence to what it was at the end of World War II |
| Domino Theory | theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control |
| Red Scare | fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life, caused by McCarthyism |
| McCarthyism | the fearful accusation of any dissenters of being communists |
| Joseph McCarthy | Wisconsin senator who claimed to have list of communists in American gov't, but no credible evidence, & took advantage of fears of communism post WWII to become incredibly influential |
| Black List | list of persons who were not hired because of suspected communist ties |
| Ethel & Julius Rosenberg | married couple put to death after being accused of passing Atomic Bomb secrets to the Soviets |
| Krushchev | took power after Stalin died to reform & de-stalinize, which improved Cold War tension with U.S. |
| Sputnik | first artificial Earth satellite launched by Moscow, which sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology & outer space |
| Fidel Castro | Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator & established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba |
| Batista Dictatorship | Cuban Policy which the United States supported from 1939 to 1959, which contained the policies that benefited the wealthy landowners |
| Cuban Revolution | Fidel Castro overthrew the previous dictator, & introduced Communism to the island of Cuba |
| Bay Of Pigs | CIA attempt to use Cuban exiles to take our Fidel's Castro's communist government in Cuba |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | leader of the Allied forces in Europe who was then elected to be President of the U.S. |
| CIA | the Central Intelligence Agency is a civilian intelligence agency of the United States government who's primary function was getting & analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, & persons in order to advise public policymakers |
| U2 Spy Plane | U.S. plane built in the 1950s to help watch the Soviet Union as a surveillance plane only |
| Gary Powers | CIA Pilot who flew the U2 spy plane & was taken prisoner by the Soviets when it was shot down |
| Gary Powers' Return | US traded a captured Soviet spy in order to get him back |
| The Space/Arm Race | the Soviets & U.S. battled each other on who could make bigger & badder weapons, which became a threat to survival during the Cold War |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 confrontation between U.S. & the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba |
| JFK During The Cuban Missile Crisis | JFK called a quarantine to prevent more nuclear weapons from entering the war, |
| Cuban Embargo | after Castro stole all U.S. owned land & businesses, the U.S. government ended all trade with Cuba in early 1962 |
| McCarthy Hearings | "Have you no decency, sir? At long last, have you no decency?" |
| JFK | 35th President of the United States from 1961-1963, who didn't believe in segregation |
| Mao Zedong | leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi & the Nationalists |
| Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party & created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition |
| Iron Curtain Speech | speech by former Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill where he talked about the dangers of communism engulfing Europe |
| Iron Curtain | political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region |
| Satellite States | Eastern European nations controlled by USSR after WWII |
| Alger Hiss | former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy & was convicted of a false statement |
| Elvis Presley | famous singer who symbolized the rock & roll movement, creating a new youth culture |
| 1950s Culture | buying on credit, teenagers, baby boom, suburb living, TV culture, polite white happy, beatniks, group of rebellious writers, & intellectuals |
| Hollywood Ten | group of people in the film industry who were jailed for refusing to answer congressional questions regarding Communist influence in Hollywood |
| House Un-American Activities Committee | congressional committee created to search out disloyal Americans & Communists |
| Loyalty Oaths | background checks ordered by Truman on 3 million federal employees, with loyalty oaths demanded |
Created by:
abievans
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