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US History I Chpt. 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the different ideas that Jackson and Jefferson had? | Jackson: insisted ordinary man knew what was right by instinct Jefferson: believed that an ordinary man could be educated to believe what was right |
| Why did a new party system develop? | because of the battle to succeed John Quincy Adams, Adams had different ideas of the federal government than Jackson |
| What were Jackson and Adam's supporters known as? | Jackson: Democrats Adams: National Republicans |
| How was Jackson similar to Washington? | - Soldier first - nationalist - owner of plantation & slaves - man with few intellectual interests and only sketchily educated |
| What did Jackson believe in (in general)? | believed in equality of opportunity and distrusted entrenched status |
| What was the Spoils System? | the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters |
| What did Jackson do in the Spoils System? | - punished those who wronged him during campaign - removed some for incompetence |
| What did Jackson believe in (Spoils System)? | - believed in concept of rotations which meant more citizens could participate in tasks of governing |
| What did Jackson see himself as? | as direct representative of people and embodiment of national power |
| Why did Jackson not seek to expand federal authority at expense of states? | because favored a “frugal” constitutionally limited government |
| In what ways did Jackson want to steer a more moderate course? | - Slight reduction in tariff - “Constitutional” internal improvements - Once federal debt paid off, distribute rest among states |
| Who were the ones that were affected because of Jackson's "more moderate course"? | westerners |
| Why did Jackson's "more moderate course" make the westerners upset? | because they could not reduce price of public land which upset westerners |
| Who lost against Jackson in the reelection of 1832? | Henry Clay |
| Who ran the national bank and what did he realize? | Nicholas Biddle & realized it could act as a central bank |
| What did the bank printing out money lead to? | - Led to decline in prices and an agricultural depression - Reckless lending caused inflation and greatly exaggerated ups and downs of business cycle |
| Who were national Republicans? | Clay, Webster, Biddle |
| What did Jackson view the bank as? | - Unconstitutional (said he swore to uphold the Constitution as he interpreted it) - Inexpedient - not suitable or not a good idea - Stock owned by foreigners |
| What did Biddle's do to respond to the withdrawals? | - Presented all states bank notes and checks fro specie (gold and silver coin) - Contracted own lending - Paper money became scarce and specie unattainable |
| What was the Peggy Eaton affair? | a political scandal that involved Jackson's Cabinet and their wives |
| What did Jackson NOT believe in? What were his interests? | - Did not believe that area of national power was large or should be expanded - Interested in government economy, distribution of federal surpluses to the states, and interpreting powers of Congress narrowly |
| What did Jackson favor? | Favored internal improvements but preferred local projects be left to states |
| What were the new innovations of the nation when Jackson was president? | - Final disestablishment of churches - Beginnings of free-school movement, early interest in adult education and slow spread of secondary education - Increase in # of newspapers and the decline in their prices |
| who became president after Harrison? | John Tyler |
| What was the party that was formed to oppose Jackson? | Whigs |
| Jackson's order that people pay for government land with gold and silver | specie circular |
| who led the most successful slave revolt in US History | Nat Turner |
| What was Jackson's informal group of advisors called? | Kitchen Cabinet |
| name of the route the Cherokee took when they were moved west | Trail of Tears |
| name adopted by Jackson's followers | democrats |
| Who put money into "pet banks" | Taney |
| social snubbing of of Secretary & Mrs. Eaton | Petticoat Affair (Peggy Eaton Affair) |
| What was nullification? | Calhoun's idea a state should be able to overrule the federal government |
| Who served only 30 days before he died | William Henry Harrison |
| Who was president after Jackson | Van Buren |
| law that gave the president additional authority to execute revenue laws | Force Bill |
| Describe Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia | Chief Justice Marshall ruled that the Cherokee were not a foreign nation and thus could not sue in U.S. court |
| Who are considered Whigs? | - Bankers - Those who found “pushiness and coarseness” of Jacksonians offensive - Well educated people joined due to anti-intellectual and anti-scientific bias of administration |
| What was the Independent Treasury Act? | - Did pass dependent Treasury Act of 1840 - Called for the construction of government owned vaults where federal revenues could be stored until needed - All payments to the government were to made in hard cash |
| What was "favorite sons?" | In 1836, they relied on series of favorite son candidates in an effort to throw the election into the House of Representatives |
Created by:
gabriella_peralta26
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