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TermDefinition
Big Business the economic disparities between the workers (lower/working class) and big business owners (entrepreneurs and tycoons) grew exponentially
Unions Organizations to help regulate working conditions, 8 hours of work, 8 hours of sleep and 8 hours for leisure
Immigrants New labor that is cheaper-new immigration (1890s-1920s), coming from Europe (Italy, Irish, Greek, Asia, Russian)
Monopoly Exclusive economic control of an industry- complete control of the whole industry (ie Carnegie and Rockefeller)
Andrew Carnegie he was an industrialist, business magnate he led the American steel industry
John D. Rockefeller 1870 formed Standard Oil in Ohio- dominated the oil industry.
New immigration * From 1870-1924 (Southern and Eastern europe) Russia, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Greece, Poland and other eastern european countries(some escaping religious persecution, economic opportunities, political freedom)
Assimilation The theory of immigrants disappearing into an already established American culture, gave up native languages and customs and became "Americanized" adopted the appearances and attitudes of larger society.
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) * No more immigrants from China were admitted
Industrialization The process in which a society transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services.
What changed about labor during this time? Individual manual labor is often replaced by mechanized mass production and craftsmen are replaced by assembly lines. people easily replaced by new immigrants
Urbanization * The population shifts from rural (farms) to urban areas (cities)
Suffrage the right to vote
Free Enterprise Beliefs that the economy will prosper if businesses are left free from government- laissez faire, hands off government
Ellis Island * Most immigrants from Europe passed through this area in NYC/NJ east coast
Angel Island * Immigrants from Asia came through this area on the west coast
Old immigration 1776-1850: were from Northern & Western Europe: England, Scotland and Wales (they were escaping religious persecution, debt) France, Holland (wanted religious freedom), Ireland, Germany and Scandinavia (escaping famine,seek peace and stability)
New immigration * From 1870-1924 (Southern and Eastern europe) Russia, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Greece, Poland and other eastern european countries(some escaping religious persecution, economic opportunities, political freedom)
Assimilation The theory of immigrants disappearing into an already established American culture, gave up native languages and customs and became "Americanized" adopted the appearances and attitudes of larger society.
Reasons for immigration -Europe was overpopulated, Factories had work for them, no restrictions on immigration
Nativists * Anti-immigrant: idea that foreign born people threatened the majority culture and should be barred from this country. Not welcoming of immigrants, they didn't trust the new cultures coming in, non english speakers, people didn't like catholics
First Target of nativists Irish Catholic immigrants
Second Target of nativists Chinese immigrants
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) * No more immigrants from China were admitted
Industrialization The process in which a society transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services.
Abuses by Big Business Elimination of competition- cutthroat competition, large corp can sell at a lower price and push out smaller companies, large corporations could afford local price wars, in effect the large corporations destroyed smaller businesses.
Push factors of immigration * The factors that caused people to want to leave their homeland for another place (corrupt gov, lack of religious freedom, famine(lack of food in their country))
Pull factors of immigration * Conditions that attract people to another place (such as opportunities for jobs, better living conditions, political freedom)
Strike * Refusing to work by employees as a form of protest
why were strikes/boycotts useful tools against big business- were they useful? both caused big business to lose money
Created by: esantos4780
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