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Unit 11
Civil War
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Election of 1860 | The election that led the southern states to leave the Union and form the Confederacy. |
Fort Sumter | The first shots of the Civil war were fired here; Confederates fired on Union soldiers to begin the fighting. |
Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederate States of America. |
Border States | Slave States that remained in the Union during the civil war. Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia. |
John C. Breckenridge | Southern Democratic candidate in the Election in 1860. |
Stephen Douglas | Northern Democratic candidate in the Election of 1860. |
Abe Lincoln | Republican candidate and winner of the Election of 1860. Opposed the spread of slavery into the territories. |
John Bell | Presidential candidate in 1860 for the Constitutional Union Party. Stood for a peaceful compromise to hold the union together. |
First Bull Run | First major battle of the Civil War; Southern victory; showed that the war would be long and costly for both sides. |
Anaconda Plan | Union strategy for winning the war; blockade the south, divide the Confederacy, and capture Richmond, the Confederacy capital. |
Winfield Scott | Union general that was old, but he came up with the Anaconda Plan. |
Blockade | To prevent a nation from trading or communicating with another nation by sea |
Shiloh | Battle in southwestern Tennessee that shocked the country with its heavy casualties |
Antietam (3) | Fought in Maryland, singles bloodiest day in American History. Battle that stopped the first Confederate invasion to the North. After this battle, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. |
Gettysburg (3) | Turning point of the Civil War, stopped Lee's second invasion of the North. Convinced England to not side with the south. Confederate Army suffered so many casualties, the could not invade the North again. |
Vicksburg (3( | Capture led to the Union capturing the Mississippi river. Divided the Confederacy in half. Grant won this siege on July 4th. |
March to the Sea | The Union army led by William Sherman waged total war on the people of Georgia to break their will to support the Confederate army. |
William Tecumseh Sherman | Union general that used total warfare to destroy property, livestock and transportation systems to force the Southern people to surrender. |
Appomattox Courthouse | Lee and the Confederate Army officially surrendered to Grant and the Union army here on April 9th, 1865. |
David Farragut | Union admiral from Tennessee, responsible for the blockade of the Confederacy. |
Nathan Bedford Forrest | Confederate cavalry commander that used guerrilla warfare on the Union army in Mississippi and Tennessee. |
Ulysses S. Grant (2) | Union commander that finally defeated Robert E. Lee and won the war. Won the battle of Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga for the Union. |
Stonewall Jackson | Confederate general that saved the day at First Bull Run, and earned a famous nickname. |
Robert E. Lee (2) | Confederate General responsible for the forces defending Richmond. Won the Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. |
Emancipation Proclamation (2) | Order issued by Lincoln that officially freed that slaves in Confederate states but not the border states. Officially allowed African Americans to enlist and fight in the US army. |
Gettysburg Address | Brief speech given by Abe Lincoln that summed up the goal of the war and honored the dead. |
54th Massachusetts | First all black regiment to fight in the union army. |
Nashville | The 13th Colored Troops helped to destroy the Confederate Army in Tennessee at this battle |
Sam Watkins | A soldier from Clarksville that kept a journal about his experiences in the Confederate army |
Elisha Hunt Rhodes | He kept a diary about life as a soldier in the Union Army |
Fort Wagner | The 54th Massachusetts showed their bravery and earned the respect of the Union Army when they charged |
Henry and Donelson | The capture of these two forts helped the Union control the Tennessee River system. |