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APHG Chapter 6.34
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Christian Churches | historically the central and largest building in a village or city - reflect the building materials, too, of the region - strongly reflects branch of Christianity |
| Catholic | known for Gothic cathedrals, spires, stained glass windows |
| Orthodox | influence from Byzantine Churches - domes, use of gold |
| Protestant | simple with less ornamentation, reflective of less hierarchy |
| Islamic mosques | a space for community assembly; not sanctified specifically - an inner courtyard, minarets for the call to prayer |
| Hindu temples | shrine for a god or gods, often contain a small room with a statue or artifact, most worship done at home with family or during festivals in the community, temples can vary significantly in appearance but usually are tall and ornamental |
| Buddhist and Shinto pagodas | as much monuments as places of worship, meant to be a visual reminder of the Buddha’s teaching and spread Buddhism practice, pagodas are much more associated with Buddhist shrines (some exceptions) |
| Christians, Jews and Muslims | generally bury their dead underground or in tombs, often facing the same way; idea of the resurrection - cemeteries some of the only green spaces in some cities - significant use of land; Chinese society moving towards cremation for that reason |
| cremation | common for Hindus to cremate the dead (speculations about reasons) - significant use of wood in India; class is a factor - ashes ideally thrown in the Ganges - Buddhists bury or cremate depending on their regional community |
| various utopian settlements through American history | settlements built for a particular community and specific religious way of life - ex. - Puritan settlements - ex. - Salt Lake City - seat of Mormon settlement and present capital of the LDS Church world |
| fundamentalism | belief and practice of a religion which is purported to be a return to the original, stricter interpretation of a particular religion; Taliban in Afghanistan: extreme punishments for crimes; not allowing modern media, suppression of women |
| Hindu Caste system | maintained inequalities despite the British attempting to end it and it being illegal in India today, - developed in 1,500 BCE with the Aryans - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras and Untouchables - child marriage a continued pervasive problem |
| Israel | Jerusalem: with three holy sites; the remaining part of the destroyed Jewish temple - the Wailing Wall; on the grounds of the destroyed temple - The Dome of the Rock - where Muhammad ascended to heaven; key events of Jesus’ life happened in Jerusalem |
| Palestine | in the West Bank, much poorer, decades of resistance, acts of terrorism, harsh standards of Israeli occupation, Six-Day War in 1967 resulted in Israel taking from Syria, the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt and the West Bank from Jordan |
| West Bank | conflict lingers, growth of settlements and the West Bank Barrier has caused great tension, many Palestinians desire “two state solution” and more equitable social relations, |
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afillmore09
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